byHippocratestranslatedbyFrancisAdamsThediseaseofthehemorrhoidsisformedinthisway：ifbileorphlegmbedeterminedtotheveinsintherectum，itheatsthebloodintheveins；andtheseveinsbecomingheatedattractbloodfromthenearestveins，andbeinggorgedtheinsideofthegutswellsoutwardly，andtheheadsoftheveinsareraisedup，andbeingatthesametimebruisedbythefaecespassingout，andinjuredbythebloodcollectedinthem，theysquirtoutblood，mostfrequentlyalongwiththefaeces，butsometimeswithoutfaeces。Itistobecuredthus：
2。Inthefirstplaceitshouldbeknowninwhatsortofaplacetheyareformed。Forcutting，excising，sewing，binding，applyingputrefacientmeanstotheanus，—alltheseappeartobeveryformidablethings，andyet，afterall，theyarenotattendedwithmischief。I
recommendsevenoreightsmallpiecesofirontobeprepared，afathominsize，inthicknesslikeathickspecillum，andbentattheextremity，andabroadpieceshouldbeontheextremity，likeasmallobolus。Havingontheprecedingdayfirstpurgedthemanwithmedicine，onthedayoftheoperationapplythecautery。Havinglaidhimonhisback，andplacedapillowbelowthebreech，forceouttheanusasmuchaspossiblewiththefingers，andmaketheironsred—hot，andburnthepileuntilitbedriedup，andsoasthatnopartmaybeleftbehind。Andburnsoastoleavenoneofthehemorrhoidsunburnt，foryoushouldburnthemallup。Youwillrecognizethehemorrhoidswithoutdifficulty，fortheyprojectontheinsideofthegutlikedark—coloredgrapes，andwhentheanusisforcedouttheyspurtblood。Whenthecauteryisappliedthepatient’sheadandhandsshouldbeheldsothathemaynotstir，buthehimselfshouldcryout，forthiswillmaketherectumprojectthemore。Whenyouhaveperformedtheburning，boillentilsandtares，finelytrituratedinwater，andapplyasacataplasmforfiveorsixdays。Butontheseventh，cutasoftspongeintoaveryslenderslice，itswidthshouldbeaboutsixinchessquare。Thenathinsmoothpieceofcloth，ofthesamesizeasthesponge，istobesmearedwithhoneyandapplied；andwiththeindexfingerofthelefthandthemiddleofthespongeistobepushedasfarupaspossible；andafterwardwoolistobeplaceduponthespongesothatitmayremainintheanus。Andhavinggirdedthepatientabouttheloinsandfastenedashawltothegirdle，bringupthisbandfrombehindbetweenthelegsandattachittothegirdleatthenavel。ThenletthemedicinewhichI
formerlysaidiscalculatedtorendertheskinthickandstrong，beboundon。Thesethingsshouldbekeptonfornotlessthantwentydays。Thepatientshouldonceadaytakeadraughtfromflourormillet，orbran，anddrinkwater。Whenthepatientgoestostoolthepartshouldbewashedwithhotwater。Everythirddayheshouldtakethebath。
3。Anothermethodofcure：—Havinggottheanustoprotrudeasmuchaspossible，fomentwithhotwater，andthencutofftheextremitiesofthehemorrhoids。Butthismedicineshouldbepreparedbeforehand，asanapplicationtothewound：—Havingputurineintoabronzevessel，sprinkleupontheurinetheflowerofbronzecalcinedandfinelytriturated；then，whenitismoistened，shakethevesselanddryinthesun。Whenitbecomesdry，letitbescrapeddownandlevigated，andapplywiththefingertothepart，andhavingoiledcompresses，applythem，andbindaspongeabove。
4。Anothermethod：—Theregrowsuponthebleedingcondyloma，aprotuberancelikethefruitofthemulberry，andifthecondylomabefarwithout，anenvelopeoffleshisadherenttoit。Havingplacedthemanovertworoundstonesuponhisknees，examine，foryouwillfindthepartsneartheanusbetweenthebuttocksinflated，andbloodproceedingfromwithin。If，then，thecondylomabelowthecoverbeofasoftnature，bringitawaywiththefinger，forthereisnomoredifficultyinthisthaninskinningasheep，topassthefingerbetweenthehideandtheflesh。Andthisshouldbeaccomplishedwithoutthepatient’sknowledge，whileheiskeptinconversation。
Whenthecondylomaistakenoff，streaksofbloodnecessarilyflowfromthewholeofthetornpart。Itmustbespeedilywashedwithadecoctionofgalls，inadrywine，andthebleedingveinwilldisappearalongwiththecondyloma，anditscoverwillbereplaced。
Theolderitis，themoreeasythecure。
5。Butifthecondylomabehigherup，youmustexamineitwiththespeculum，andyoushouldtakecarenottobedeceivedbythespeculum；
forwhenexpanded，itrendersthecondylomalevelwiththesurroundingparts，butwhencontracted，itshowsthetumorrightagain。Itistoberemovedbysmearingitwithblackhelleboreonthefinger。Then，onthethirdday，washitoutwithadrywine。Youneednotbesurprisedthatthereisnodischargeofbloodwhenyouremovethecondyloma，forneither，ifyoucutoffthehandsorlegsatthearticulationswilltherebeanyflowofblood；butifyoucutthemoffaboveorbelowthejoints，youwillfindtherehollowveinswhichpouroutblood，andyouwillhavedifficultyinstoppingthebleeding。Inthesamemanner，thebleedingveinintheanus，ifyoucutitaboveorbelowthepointofseparationofthecondyloma，willpourforthblood；
butifyoutakeawaythecondylomaatitsjunction（withthenaturalparts？）therewillbenoflowofblood。Ifmattersthenbethusputtorights，itwillbewell；butotherwiseburnit，takingcarenottotouchtheplacewiththeiron，butbringingitclosesoastodryitup，andapplytheflosaerisintheurine。
6。Anothermethodofcuringhemorrhoids：—Youmustprepareacauterylikethearundophragmites，andanironthatexactlyfitsistobeadaptedtoit；thenthetubebeingintroducedintotheanus，theiron，redhot，istobepasseddownit，andfrequentlydrawnout，sothatthepartmaybearthemoreheat，andnosoremayresultfromtheheating，andthedriedveinsmayhealup。Butifyouareneitherdisposedtoburnnorexcise，havingfirstfomentedwithplentyhotwaterandturnedouttheanus，levigatemyrrh，andhavingburntgallsandEgyptianalum，intheproportionofoneandahalftotheotherthings，andasmuchofmelanteria；thesethingsarealltobeusedinadrystate。Thehemorrhoidwillseparateundertheuseofthesemedicines，likeapieceofburnthide。Youaretoproceedthusuntilthewholeareremoved，andahalfpartofburntchalcitisdoesthesamething。Butifyouwishtoeffectthecurebysuppositories，taketheshellofthepartfishathirdpartofplumbago，bitumen，alum，alittleoftheflosaeris，galls，alittleverdigris；havingpouredasmallquantityofboiledhoneyonthese，andformedanoblongsuppository，applyuntilyouremovethem。
7。Anhemorrhoidinawomanmaybethuscured。Havingfomentedwithplentyofhotwater，boilinthewatercertainofthefragrantmedicines，addpoundedtamarisk，roastedlithargeandgalls，andpouronthemwhitewine，andoil，andthegreaseofagoose，poundingalltogether。Givetouseafterfomenting。Infomentingtheanusistobemadetoprotrudeasmuchaspossible。