Indeed，wemayremark，infavorofthephysiognomist，thoughthelawhasmadehimarogueandvagabond，thatNatureisseldomcuriousinherworkswithin，withoutemployingsomelittlepainsontheoutside;andthismoreparticularlyinmischievouscharacters，informingwhich，asMr。Derhamobserves，invenomousinsects，asthestingorsawofawasp，sheissometimeswonderfullyindustrious。Now，whenshehaththuscompletelyarmedourherotocarryonawarwithman，sheneverfailsoffurnishingthatinnocentlambkinwithsomemeansofknowinghisenemy，andforeseeinghisdesigns。Thusshehathbeenobservedtoactinthecaseofarattlesnake，whichnevermeditatesahumanpreywithoutgivingwarningofhisapproach。Thisobservationwill，Iamconvinced，holdmosttrue，ifappliedtothemostvenomousindividualsofhumaninsects。Atyrant，atrickster，andabully，generallywearthemarksoftheirseveraldispositionsintheircountenances;sodothevixen，theshrew，thescold，andallotherfemalesofthelikekind。But，perhaps，naturehathneveraffordedastrongerexampleofallthisthaninthecaseofMrs。Francis。Shewasashort，squatwoman;herheadwascloselyjoinedtohershoulders，whereitwasfixedsomewhatawry;everyfeatureofhercountenancewassharpandpointed;herfacewasfurrowedwiththesmallpox;andhercomplexion，whichseemedtobeabletoturnmilktocurds，notalittleresembledincolorsuchmilkashadalreadyundergonethatoperation。Sheappeared，indeed，tohavemanysymptomsofadeepjaundiceinherlook;butthestrengthandfirmnessofhervoiceoverbalancedthemall;thetoneofthiswasasharptrebleatadistance，forIseldomhearditonthesamefloor，butwasusuallywakedwithitinthemorning，andentertainedwithitalmostcontinuallythroughthewholeday。
Thoughvocalbeusuallyputinoppositiontoinstrumentalmusic，Iquestionwhetherthismightnotbethoughttopartakeofthenatureofboth;forsheplayedontwoinstruments，whichsheseemedtokeepfornootherusefrommorningtillnight;theseweretwomaids，orratherscolding-stocks，who，Isuppose，bysomemeansorother，earnedtheirboard，andshegavethemtheirlodginggratis，orfornootherservicethantokeepherlungsinconstantexercise。
Shediffered，asIhavesaid，ineveryparticularfromherhusband;butveryremarkablyinthis，that，asitwasimpossibletodispleasehim，soitwasasimpossibletopleaseher;andasnoartcouldremoveasmilefromhiscountenance，socouldnoartcarryitintohers。Ifherbillswereremonstratedagainstshewasoffendedwiththetacitcensureofherfair-dealing;iftheywerenot，sheseemedtoregarditasatacitsarcasmonherfolly，whichmighthavesetdownlargerpriceswiththesamesuccess。Onthislatherhintshedidindeedimprove，forshedailyraisedsomeofherarticles。Apennyworthoffirewasto-dayratedatashilling，to-morrowateighteen-pence;andifshedressedustwodishesfortwoshillingsontheSaturday，wepaidhalf-a-crownforthecookeryofoneontheSunday;and，whenevershewaspaid，sheneverlefttheroomwithoutlamentingthesmallamountofherbill，saying，\"sheknewnothowitwasthatothersgottheirmoneybygentle-folks，butforherpartshehadnottheartofit。\"Whenshewasaskedwhyshecomplained，whenshewaspaidallshedemanded，sheanswered，\"shecouldnotdenythat，nordidsheknowshehadomittedanything;butthatitwasbutapoorbillforgentle-folkstopay。\"Iaccountedforallthisbyherhavingheard，thatitisamaximwiththeprincipalinn-holdersonthecontinent，tolevyconsiderablesumsontheirguests，whotravelwithmanyhorsesandservants，thoughsuchguestsshouldeatlittleornothingintheirhouses;
themethodbeing，Ibelieve，insuchcases，tolayacapitationonthehorses，andnotontheirmasters。Butshedidnotconsiderthatinmostoftheseinnsaverygreatdegreeofhunger，withoutanydegreeofdelicacy，maybesatisfied;andthatinallsuchinnsthereissomeappearance，atleast，ofprovision，aswellasofaman-cooktodressit，oneofthehostlersbeingalwaysfurnishedwithacook’scap，waistcoat，andapron，readytoattendgentlemenandladiesontheirsummons;
thatthecasethereforeofsuchinnsdifferedfromhers，wheretherewasnothingtoeatortodrink，andinrealitynohousetoinhabit，nochairtositupon，noranybedtoliein;thatonethirdorfourthpartthereforeofthelevyimposedatinnswas，intruth，ahighertaxthanthewholewaswhenlaidonintheother，where，inordertoraiseasmallsum，amanisobligedtosubmittopayasmanyvariouswaysforthesamethingashedothtothegovernmentforthelightwhichentersthroughhisownwindowintohisownhouse，fromhisownestate;sucharethearticlesofbreadandbeer，firing，eatinganddressingdinner。
Theforegoingisaveryimperfectsketchofthisextraordinarycouple;foreverythingishereloweredinsteadofbeingheightened。Thosewhowouldseethemsetforthinmorelivelycolors，andwiththeproperornaments，mayreadthedescriptionsoftheFuriesinsomeoftheclassicalpoets，oroftheStoicphilosophersintheworksofLucian。
Monday，July20。——Thisdaynothingremarkablepassed;Mrs。
FrancisleviedataxoffourteenshillingsfortheSunday。Weregaledourselvesatdinnerwithvenisonandgoodclaretofourown;andintheafternoon，thewomen，attendedbythecaptain，walkedtoseeadelightfulscenetwomilesdistant，withthebeautiesofwhichtheydeclaredthemselvesmosthighlycharmedattheirreturn，aswellaswiththegoodnessoftheladyofthemansion，whohadslippedoutofthewaythatmywifeandtheircompanymightrefreshthemselveswiththeflowersandfruitswithwhichhergardenabounded。
Tuesday，July21。——Thisday，havingpaidourtaxesofyesterday，wewerepermittedtoregaleourselveswithmorevenison。Someofthiswewouldwillinglyhaveexchangedformutton;butnosuchfleshwastobehadnearerthanPortsmouth，fromwhenceitwouldhavecostmoretoconveyajointtousthanthefreightofaPortugalhamfromLisbontoLondonamountsto;forthoughthewater-carriagebesomewhatcheaperherethanatDeal，yetcanyoufindnowatermanwhowillgoonboardhisboat，unlessbytwoorthreehours’rowinghecangetdrunkfortheresidueoftheweek。
AndhereIhaveanopportunity，whichpossiblymaynotofferagain，ofpublishingsomeobservationsonthatpoliticaleconomyofthisnation，which，asitconcernsonlytheregulationofthemob，isbelowthenoticeofourgreatmen;thoughonthedueregulationofthisorderdependmanyemoluments，whichthegreatmenthemselves，oratleastmanywhotreadcloseontheirheels，mayenjoy，aswellassomedangerswhichmaysometimeorotherarisefromintroducingapurestateofanarchyamongthem。I
willrepresentthecase，asitappearstome，veryfairlyandimpartiallybetweenthemobandtheirbetters。Thewholemischiefwhichinfectsthispartofoureconomyarisesfromthevagueanduncertainuseofawordcalledliberty，ofwhich，asscarceanytwomenwithwhomIhaveeverconversedseemtohaveoneandthesameidea，Iaminclinedtodoubtwhethertherebeanysimpleuniversalnotionrepresentedbythisword，orwhetheritconveysanyclearerormoredeterminateideathansomeofthoseoldPuniccompositionsofsyllablespreservedinoneofthecomediesofPlautus，butatpresent，asIconceive，notsupposedtobeunderstoodbyanyone。
Byliberty，however，Iapprehend，iscommonlyunderstoodthepowerofdoingwhatweplease;notabsolutely，forthenitwouldbeinconsistentwithlaw，bywhosecontrolthelibertyofthefreestpeople，exceptonlytheHottentotsandwildIndians，mustalwaysberestrained。
But，indeed，howeverlargelyweextend，orhowevermoderatelyweconfine，thesenseoftheword，nopoliticianwill，Ipresume，contendthatitistopervadeinanequaldegree，andbe，withthesameextent，enjoyedby，everymemberofsociety;nosuchpolityhavingbeeneverfound，unlessamongthosevilepeoplejustbeforecommemorated。AmongtheGreeksandRomanstheservileandfreeconditionswereopposedtoeachother;andnomanwhohadthemisfortunetobeenrolledundertheformercouldlayanyclaimtolibertytilltherightwasconveyedtohimbythatmasterwhoseslavehewas，eitherbythemeansofconquest，ofpurchase，orofbirth。
Thiswasthestateofallthefreenationsintheworld;andthis，tillverylately，wasunderstoodtobethecaseofourown。
Iwillnotindeedsaythisisthecaseatpresent，thelowestclassofourpeoplehavingshakenoffalltheshacklesoftheirsuperiors，andbecomenotonlyasfree，butevenfreer，thanmostoftheirsuperiors。Ibelieveitcannotbedoubted，thoughperhapswehavenorecentinstanceofit，thatthepersonalattendanceofeverymanwhohaththreehundredpoundsperannum，inparliament，isindispensablyhisduty;andthat，ifthecitizensandburgessesofanycityorboroughshallchoosesuchaone，howeverreluctantheappear，hemaybeobligedtoattend，andbeforciblybroughttohisdutybythesergeant-at-arms。
Again，therearenumbersofsubordinateoffices，someofwhichareofburden，andothersofexpense，inthecivilgovernment——allofwhichpersonswhoarequalifiedareliabletohaveimposedonthem，maybeobligedtoundertakeandproperlyexecute，notwithstandinganybodilylabor，orevendanger，towhichtheymaysubjectthemselves，underthepenaltyoffinesandimprisonment;nay，andwhatmayappearsomewhathard，maybecompelledtosatisfythelosseswhichareeventuallyincident，tothatofsheriffinparticular，outoftheirownprivatefortunes;
andthoughthisshouldprovetheruinofafamily，yetthepublic，towhomthepriceisdue，incursnodebtorobligationtopreserveitsofficerharmless，lethisinnocenceappeareversoclearly。Ipurposelyomitthementionofthosemilitaryormilitarydutieswhichouroldconstitutionlaiduponitsgreatestmembers。Thesemight，indeed，supplytheirpostswithsomeotherable-bodiedmen;butifnosuchcouldhavebeenfound，theobligationneverthelessremained，andtheywerecompellabletoserveintheirownproperpersons。Theonlyone，therefore，whoispossessedofabsolutelibertyisthelowestmemberofthesociety，who，ifheprefershunger，orthewildproductofthefields，hedges，lanes，andrivers，withtheindulgenceofeaseandlaziness，toafoodalittlemoredelicate，butpurchasedattheexpenseoflabor，maylayhimselfunderashade;norcanbeforcedtotaketheotheralternativefromthatwhichhehath，I
willnotaffirmwhetherwiselyorfoolishly，chosen。
HereImay，perhaps，beremindedofthelastVagrantAct，whereallsuchpersonsarecompellabletoworkfortheusualandaccustomedwagesallowedintheplace;butthisisaclauselittleknowntothejusticesofthepeace，andleastlikelytobeexecutedbythosewhodoknowit，astheyknowlikewisethatitisformedontheancientpowerofthejusticestofixandsettlethesewageseveryyear，makingproperallowancesforthescarcityandplentyofthetimes，thecheapnessanddearnessoftheplace;
andthatTHEUSUALANDACCUSTOMEDWAGESarewordswithoutanyforceormeaning，whentherearenosuch;buteverymanspungesandrapswhateverhecanget;andwillhaggleaslongandstruggleashardtocheathisemployeroftwopenceinaday’slaborasanhonesttradesmanwilltocheathiscustomersofthesamesuminayardofclothorsilk。
Itisagreatpitythenthatthispower，orratherthispractice，wasnotrevived;but，thishavingbeensolongomittedthatitisbecomeobsolete，willbebestdonebyanewlaw，inwhichthispower，aswellastheconsequentpowerofforcingthepoortolaboratamoderateandreasonablerate，shouldbewellconsideredandtheirexecutionfacilitated;forgentlemenwhogivetheirtimeandlaborgratis，andevenvoluntarily，tothepublic，havearighttoexpectthatalltheirbusinessbemadeaseasyaspossible;andtoenactlawswithoutdoingthisistofillourstatute-books，muchtoofullalready，stillfullerwithdeadletter，ofnousebuttotheprinteroftheactsofparliament。
ThattheevilwhichIhaveherepointedatisofitselfworthredressing，is，Iapprehend，nosubjectofdispute;forwhyshouldanypersonsindistressbedeprivedoftheassistanceoftheirfellow-subjects，whentheyarewillingamplytorewardthemfortheirlabor？or，whyshouldthelowestofthepeoplebepermittedtoexacttentimesthevalueoftheirwork？Forthoseexactionsincreasewiththedegreesofnecessityintheirobject，insomuchthatontheformersidemanyarehorriblyimposedupon，andthatofteninnotriflingmatters。IwasverywellassuredthatatDealnolessthantenguineaswasrequired，andpaidbythesupercargoofanIndiaman，forcarryinghimonboardtwomilesfromtheshorewhenshewasjustreadytosail;sothathisnecessity，ashispillagerwellunderstood，wasabsolute。Again，manyothers，whoseindignationwillnotsubmittosuchplunder，areforcedtorefusetheassistance，thoughtheyareoftengreatsufferersbysodoing。Onthelatterside，thelowestofthepeopleareencouragedinlazinessandidleness;whiletheylivebyatwentiethpartofthelaborthatoughttomaintainthem，whichisdiametricallyoppositetotheinterestofthepublic;
forthatrequiresagreatdealtobedone，nottobepaid，foralittle。Andmoreover，theyareconfirmedinhabitsofexaction，andaretaughttoconsiderthedistressesoftheirsuperiorsastheirownfairemolument。Butenoughofthismatter，ofwhichI
atfirstintendedonlytoconveyahinttothosewhoarealonecapableofapplyingtheremedy，thoughtheyarethelasttowhomthenoticeofthoseevilswouldoccur，withoutsomesuchmonitorasmyself，whoamforcedtotravelabouttheworldintheformofapassenger。IcannotbutsayIheartilywishourgovernorswouldattentivelyconsiderthismethodoffixingthepriceoflabor，andbythatmeansofcompellingthepoortowork，sincethedueexecutionofsuchpowerswill，Iapprehend，befoundthetrueandonlymeansofmakingthemuseful，andofadvancingtradefromitspresentvisiblydecliningstatetotheheighttowhichSirWilliamPetty，inhisPoliticalArithmetic，thinksitcapableofbeingcarried。
Intheafternoontheladyoftheabove-mentionedmansioncalledatourinn，andlefthercomplimentstouswithMrs。Francis，withanassurancethatwhilewecontinuedwind-boundinthatplace，whereshefearedwecouldbebutindifferentlyaccommodated，wewereextremelywelcometotheuseofanythingwhichhergardenorherhouseafforded。Sopoliteamessageconvincedus，inspiteofsomeargumentstothecontrary，thatwewerenotonthecoastofAfrica，oronsomeislandwherethefewsavageinhabitantshavelittleofhumaninthembesidestheirform。AndhereImeannothinglessthantoderogatefromthemeritofthislady，whoisnotonlyextremelypoliteinherbehaviortostrangersofherownrank，butsoextremelygoodandcharitabletoallherpoorneighborswhostandinneedofherassistance，thatshehaththeuniversalloveandpraisesofallwholivenearher。But，inreality，howlittledoththeacquisitionofsovaluableacharacter，andthefullindulgenceofsoworthyadisposition，costthosewhopossessit！Bothareaccomplishedbytheveryoffalswhichfallfromatablemoderatelyplentiful。Thattheyareenjoyedthereforebysofewarisestrulyfromtherebeingsofewwhohaveanysuchdispositiontogratify，orwhoaimatanysuchcharacter。
Wednesday，July22。——Thismorning，afterhavingbeenmulctedasusual，wedispatchedaservantwithproperacknowledgmentsofthelady’sgoodness;butconfinedourwantsentirelytotheproductionsofhergarden。Hesoonreturned，incompanywiththegardener，bothrichlyladenwithalmosteveryparticularwhichagardenatthismostfruitfulseasonoftheyearproduces。Whilewewereregalingourselveswiththese，towardsthecloseofourdinner，wereceivedordersfromourcommander，whohaddinedthatdaywithsomeinferiorofficersonboardaman-of-war，toreturninstantlytotheship;forthatthewindwasbecomefavorableandheshouldweighthatevening。Theseordersweresoonfollowedbythecaptainhimself，whowasstillintheutmosthurry，thoughtheoccasionofithadlongsinceceased;forthewindhad，indeed，alittleshiftedthatafternoon，butwasbeforethisveryquietlysetdowninitsoldquarters。
Thislastwasaluckyhitforme;for，asthecaptain，towhoseordersweresolvedtopaynoobedience，unlessdeliveredbyhimself，didnotreturntillpastsix，somuchtimeseemedrequisitetoputupthefurnitureofourbed-chamberordining-room，foralmosteveryarticle，eventosomeofthechairs，wereeitherourownorthecaptain’sproperty;somuchmoreinconveyingitaswellasmyself，asdeadaluggageasany，totheshore，andthencetotheship，thatthenightthreatenedfirsttoovertakeus。Aterriblecircumstancetome，inmydecayedcondition;especiallyasveryheavyshowersofrain，attendedwithahighwind，continuedtofallincessantly;thebeingcarriedthroughwhichtwomilesinthedark，inawetandopenboat，seemedlittlelessthancertaindeath。However，asmycommanderwasabsolute，hisordersperemptory，andmyobediencenecessary，Iresolvedtoavailmyselfofaphilosophywhichhathbeenofnotableusetomeinthelatterpartofmylife，andwhichiscontainedinthishemistichofVirgil：——
————Superandaomnisfortunaferendoest。
Themeaningofwhich，ifVirgilhadany，IthinkIrightlyunderstood，andrightlyapplied。AsIwasthereforetobeentirelypassiveinmymotion，Iresolvedtoabandonmyselftotheconductofthosewhoweretocarrymeintoacartwhenitreturnedfromunloadingthegoods。
Butbeforethis，thecaptain，perceivingwhathadhappenedintheclouds，andthatthewindremainedasmuchhisenemyasever，cameupstairstomewithareprievetillthemorning。Thiswas，Iown，veryagreeablenews，andIlittleregrettedthetroubleofrefurnishingmyapartment，bysendingbackforthegoods。
Mrs。Franciswasnotwellpleasedwiththis。
Assheunderstoodthereprievetobeonlytillthemorning，shesawnothingbutlodgingtobepossiblyadded，outofwhichshewastodeductfireandcandle，andtheremainder，shethought，wouldscarcepayherforhertrouble。Sheexertedthereforealltheill-humorofwhichshewasmistress，anddidallshecouldtothwartandperplexeverythingduringthewholeevening。
Thursday，July23。——Earlyinthemorningthecaptain，whohadremainedonshoreallnight，cametovisitus，andtopressustomakehasteonboard。\"Iamresolved，\"sayshe，\"nottoloseamomentnowthewindiscomingaboutfair：formyownpart，I
neverwassurerofawindinallmylife。\"Iusehisverywords;
norwillIpresumetointerpretorcommentuponthemfartherthanbyobservingthattheywerespokeintheutmosthurry。
Wepromisedtobereadyassoonasbreakfastwasover，butthiswasnotsosoonaswasexpected;for，inremovingourgoodstheeveningbefore，thetea-chestwasunhappilylost。Everyplacewasimmediatelysearched，andmanywhereitwasimpossibleforittobe;forthiswasalossofmuchgreaterconsequencethanitmayatfirstseemtomanyofmyreaders。Ladiesandvaletudinariansdonoteasilydispensewiththeuseofthissovereigncordialinasingleinstance;buttoundertakealongvoyage，withoutanyprobabilityofbeingsuppliedwithitthewholeway，wasabovethereachofpatience。Andyet，dreadfulasthiscalamitywas，itseemedunavoidable。ThewholetownofRydecouldnotsupplyasingleleaf;for，astowhatMrs。Francisandtheshopcalledbythatname，itwasnotofChinesegrowth。Itdidnotindeedintheleastresembletea，eitherinsmellortaste，orinanyparticular，unlessinbeingaleaf;foritwasintruthnootherthanatobaccoofthemundungusspecies。Andasforthehopesofreliefinanyotherport，theywerenottobedependedupon，forthecaptainhadpositivelydeclaredhewassureofawind，andwouldletgohisanchornomoretillhearrivedintheTajo。
Whenagooddealoftimehadbeenspent，mostofitindeedwastedonthisoccasion，athoughtoccurredwhicheveryonewonderedatitsnothavingpresenteditselfthefirstmoment。Thiswastoapplytothegoodlady，whocouldnotfailofpityingandrelievingsuchdistress。Amessengerwasimmediatelydespatchedwithanaccountofourmisfortune，tillwhosereturnweemployedourselvesinpreparativesforourdeparture，thatwemighthavenothingtodobuttoswallowourbreakfastwhenitarrived。Thetea-chest，thoughofnolessconsequencetousthanthemilitary-chesttoageneral，wasgivenupaslost，orratherasstolen，forthoughIwouldnot，fortheworld，mentionanyparticularname，itiscertainwehadsuspicions，andall，Iamafraid，fellonthesameperson。
Themanreturnedfromtheworthyladywithmuchexpedition，andbroughtwithhimacanisteroftea，despatchedwithsotrueagenerosity，aswellaspoliteness，thatifourvoyagehadbeenaslongagainweshouldhaveincurrednodangerofbeingbroughttoashortallowanceinthismostimportantarticle。AttheverysameinstantlikewisearrivedWilliamthefootmanwithourowntea-chest。Ithadbeen，indeed，leftinthehoy，whentheothergoodswerere-landed，asWilliam，whenhefirsthearditwasmissing，hadsuspected;andwhence，hadnottheownerofthehoybeenunluckilyoutoftheway，hehadretrieveditsoonenoughtohavepreventedourgivingtheladyanopportunityofdisplayingsomepartofhergoodness。Tosearchthehoywas，indeed，toonaturalasuggestiontohaveescapedanyone，nordiditescapebeingmentionedbymanyofus;butweweredissuadedfromitbymywife’smaid，whoperfectlywellrememberedshehadleftthechestinthebed-chamber;forthatshehadnevergivenitoutofherhandinherwaytoorfromthehoy;butWilliamperhapsknewthemaidbetter，andbestunderstoodhowfarshewastobebelieved;forotherwisehewouldhardlyofhisownaccord，afterhearingherdeclaration，havehuntedoutthehoy-man，withmuchpainsanddifficulty。Thusendedthisscene，whichbeganwithsuchappearanceofdistress，andendedwithbecomingthesubjectofmirthandlaughter。Nothingnowremainedbuttopayourtaxes，whichwereindeedlaidwithinconceivableseverity。
Lodgingwasraisedsixpence，fireinthesameproportion，andevencandles，whichhadhithertoescaped，werechargedwithawantonnessofimposition，fromthebeginning，andplacedunderthestyleofoversight。Wewereraisedawholepound，whereaswehadonlyburnedten，infivenights，andthepoundconsistedoftwenty-four。
Lastly，anattemptwasmadewhichalmostasfarexceedshumancredulitytobelieveasitdidhumanpatiencetosubmitto。Thiswastomakeuspayasmuchforexistinganhourortwoasforexistingawholeday;anddressingdinnerwasintroducedasanarticle，thoughweleftthehousebeforeeitherpotorspithadapproachedthefire。HereIownmypatiencefailedme，andI
becameanexampleofthetruthoftheobservation，\"Thatalltyrannyandoppressionmaybecarriedtoofar，andthatayokemaybemadetoointolerablefortheneckofthetamestslave。\"
WhenIremonstrated，withsomewarmth，againstthisgrievance，Mrs。Francisgavemealook，andlefttheroomwithoutmakinganyanswer。Shereturnedinaminute，runningtomewithpen，ink，andpaper，inherhand，anddesiredmetomakemyownbill;\"forshehoped，\"shesaid\"Ididnotexpectthatherhousewastobedirtied，andhergoodsspoiledandconsumedfornothing。Thewholeisbutthirteenshillings。Cangentlefolkslieawholenightatapublic-houseforless？IftheycanIamsureitistimetogiveoffbeingalandlady：butpaymewhatyouplease;I
wouldhavepeopleknowthatIvaluemoneyaslittleasotherfolks。ButIwasalwaysafool，asIsaystomyhusband，andneverknowswhichsidemybreadisbutteredof。Andyet，tobesure，yourhonorshallbemywarningnottobebitsoagain。
Somefolksknowsbetterthanothersomehowtomaketheirbills。
Candles！whyyes，tobesure;whyshouldnottravelerspayforcandles？IamsureIpaysformycandles，andthechandlerpaystheking’smajestyforthem;andifhedidnotImust，soasitcomestothesamethingintheend。TobesureIamoutofsixteensatpresent，buttheseburnaswhiteandasclear，thoughnotquitesolarge。Iexpectsmychandlerheresoon，orIwouldsendtoPortsmouth，ifyourhonorwastostayanytimelonger。
Butwhenfolksstaysonlyforawind，youknowstherecanbenodependenceonsuch！\"Heresheputonalittleslynessofaspect，andseemedwillingtosubmittointerruption。I
interruptedheraccordinglybythrowingdownhalfaguinea，anddeclaredIhadnomoreEnglishmoney，whichwasindeedtrue;and，asshecouldnotimmediatelychangethethirty-sixshillingpieces，itputafinalendtothedispute。Mrs。Francissoonlefttheroom，andwesoonafterleftthehouse;norwouldthisgoodwomanseeusorwishusagoodvoyage。Imustnot，however，quitthisplace，wherewehadbeensoill-treated，withoutdoingitimpartialjustice，andrecordingwhatmay，withthestrictesttruth，besaidinitsfavor。
First，then，astoitssituation，itis，Ithink，mostdelightful，andinthemostpleasantspotinthewholeisland。
ItistrueitwantstheadvantageofthatbeautifulriverwhichleadsfromNewporttoCowes;buttheprospecthereextendingtothesea，andtakinginPortsmouth，Spithead，andSt。Helen’s，wouldbemorethanarecompenseforthelossoftheThamesitself，eveninthemostdelightfulpartofBerkshireorBuckinghamshire，thoughanotherDenham，oranotherPope，shoulduniteincelebratingit。Formyownpart，Iconfessmyselfsoentirelyfondofaseaprospect，thatIthinknothingonthelandcanequalit;andifitbesetoffwithshipping，Idesiretoborrownoornamentfromtheterrafirma。Afleetofshipsis，inmyopinion，thenoblestobjectwhichtheartofmanhatheverproduced;andfarbeyondthepowerofthosearchitectswhodealinbrick，instone，orinmarble。
WhenthelateSirRobertWalpole，oneofthebestofmenandofministers，usedtoequipusayearlyfleetatSpithead，hisenemiesoftastemusthaveallowedthathe，atleast，treatedthenationwithafinesightfortheirmoney。Amuchfiner，indeed，thanthesameexpenseinanencampmentcouldhaveproduced。Forwhatindeedisthebestideawhichtheprospectofanumberofhutscanfurnishtothemind，butofanumberofmenformingthemselvesintoasocietybeforetheartofbuildingmoresubstantialhouseswasknown？This，perhaps，wouldbeagreeableenough;but，intruth，thereisamuchworseideareadytostepinbeforeit，andthatisofabodyofcut-throats，thesupportsoftyranny，theinvadersofthejustlibertiesandpropertiesofmankind，theplunderersoftheindustrious，theravishersofthechaste，themurderersoftheinnocent，and，inaword，thedestroyersoftheplenty，thepeace，andthesafety，oftheirfellow-creatures。
Andwhat，itmaybesaid，arethesemen-of-warwhichseemsodelightfulanobjecttooureyes？Aretheynotalikethesupportoftyrannyandoppressionofinnocence，carryingwiththemdesolationandruinwherevertheirmasterspleasetosendthem？
Thisisindeedtootrue;andhowevertheshipofwarmay，initsbulkandequipment，exceedthehonestmerchantman，Iheartilywishtherewasnonecessityforit;for，thoughImustownthesuperiorbeautyoftheobjectononeside，IammorepleasedwiththesuperiorexcellenceoftheideawhichIcanraiseinmymindontheother，whileIreflectontheartandindustryofmankindengagedinthedailyimprovementsofcommercetothemutualbenefitofallcountries，andtotheestablishmentandhappinessofsociallife。Thispleasantvillageissituatedonagentleascentfromthewater，whenceitaffordsthatcharmingprospectI
haveabovedescribed。Itssoilisagravel，which，assistedwithitsdeclivity，preservesitalwayssodrythatimmediatelyafterthemostviolentrainafineladymaywalkwithoutwettinghersilkenshoes。Thefertilityoftheplaceisapparentfromitsextraordinaryverdure，anditissoshadedwithlargeandflourishingelms，thatitsnarrowlanesareanaturalgroveorwalk，which，intheregularityofitsplantation，vieswiththepowerofart，andinitswantonexuberancygreatlyexceedsit。
Inafieldintheascentofthishill，aboutaquarterofamilefromthesea，standsaneatlittlechapel。Itisverysmall，butadequatetothenumberofinhabitants;fortheparishdothnotseemtocontainabovethirtyhouses。
Atabouttwomilesdistantfromthisparishlivesthatpoliteandgoodladytowhosekindnessweweresomuchobliged。Itisplacedonahillwhosebottomiswashedbythesea，andwhichfromitseminenceattop，commandsaviewofgreatpartoftheislandaswellasitdoesthatoftheoppositeshore。ThishousewasformerlybuiltbyoneBoyce，who，fromablacksmithatGosport，becamepossessed，bygreatsuccessinsmuggling，offortythousandpound。Withpartofthishepurchasedanestatehere，and，bychanceprobably，fixedonthisspotforbuildingalargehouse。Perhapstheconvenienceofcarryingonhisbusiness，towhichitissowelladapted，mightdictatethesituationtohim。Wecanhardly，atleast，attributeittothesametastewithwhichhefurnishedhishouse，oratleasthislibrary，bysendinganordertoabooksellerinLondontopackhimupfivehundredpounds’worthofhishandsomestbooks。Theytellhereseveralalmostincrediblestoriesoftheignorance，thefolly，andthepride，whichthispoormanandhiswifediscoveredduringtheshortcontinuanceofhisprosperity;forhedidnotlongescapethesharpeyesoftherevenuesolicitors，andwas，byextentsfromthecourtofExchequer，soonreducedbelowhisoriginalstatetothatofconfinementintheFleet。Allhiseffectsweresold，andamongtheresthisbooks，byanauctionatPortsmouth，foraverysmallprice;forthebooksellerwasnowdiscoveredtohavebeenperfectlyamasterofhistrade，and，relyingonMr。Boyce’sfindinglittletimetoread，hadsenthimnotonlythemostlastingwaresofhisshop，butduplicatesofthesame，underdifferenttitles。
Hisestateandhousewerepurchasedbyagentlemanoftheseparts，whosewidownowenjoysthem，andwhohathimprovedthem，particularlyhergardens，withsoelegantataste，thatthepainterwhowouldassisthisimaginationinthecompositionofamostexquisitelandscape，orthepoetwhowoulddescribeanearthlyparadise，couldnowherefurnishthemselveswitharicherpattern。
Weleftthisplaceabouteleveninthemorning，andwereagainconveyed，withmoresunshinethanwind，aboardourship。
Whenceourcaptainhadacquiredhispowerofprophecy，whenhepromisedusandhimselfaprosperouswind，Iwillnotdetermine;
itissufficienttoobservethathewasafalseprophet，andthattheweathercockscontinuedtopointasbefore。Hewouldnot，however，soeasilygiveuphisskillinprediction。Heperseveredinassertingthatthewindwaschanged，and，havingweighedhisanchor，felldownthatafternoontoSt。Helen’s，whichwasataboutthedistanceoffivemiles;andwhitherhisfriendthetide，indefianceofthewind，whichwasmostmanifestlyagainsthim，softlywaftedhiminasmanyhours。
Here，aboutsevenintheevening，beforewhichtimewecouldnotprocureit，wesatdowntoregaleourselveswithsomeroastedvenison，whichwasmuchbetterdressedthanweimagineditwouldbe，andanexcellentcoldpastywhichmywifehadmadeatRyde，andwhichwehadreserveduncuttoeatonboardourship，whitherweallcheerfullyexultedinbeingreturnedfromthepresenceofMrs。Francis，who，bytheexactresemblancesheboretoafury，seemedtohavebeenwithnogreatproprietysettledinparadise。
Friday，July24。——AswepassedbySpitheadontheprecedingeveningwesawthetworegimentsofsoldierswhowerejustreturnedfromGibraltarandMinorca;andthisdayalieutenantbelongingtooneofthem，whowasthecaptain’snephew，cametopayavisittohisuncle。Hewaswhatiscalledbysomeaveryprettyfellow;indeed，muchtooprettyafellowathisyears;forhewasturnedofthirty-four，thoughhisaddressandconversationwouldhavebecomehimmorebeforehehadreachedtwenty。Inhisconversation，itistrue，therewassomethingmilitaryenough，asitconsistedchieflyofoaths，andofthegreatactionsandwisesayingsofJack，andWill，andTomofourregiment，aphraseeternallyinhismouth;andheseemedtoconcludethatitconveyedtoalltheofficerssuchadegreeofpublicnotorietyandimportancethatitentitledhimliketheheadofaprofession，orafirstminister，tobethesubjectofconversationamongthosewhohadnottheleastpersonalacquaintancewithhim。Thisdidnotmuchsurpriseme，asIhaveseenseveralexamplesofthesame;butthedefectsinhisaddress，especiallytothewomen，weresogreatthattheyseemedabsolutelyinconsistentwiththebehaviorofaprettyfellow，muchlessofoneinaredcoat;andyet，besideshavingbeenelevenyearsinthearmy，hehadhad，ashisuncleinformedme，aneducationinFrance。This，Iown，wouldhaveappearedtohavebeenabsolutelythrownawayhadnothisanimalspirits，whichwerelikewisethrownawayuponhimingreatabundance，bornethevisiblestampofthegrowthofthatcountry。Thecharactertowhichhehadanindisputabletitlewasthatofamerryfellow;soverymerrywashethathelaughedateverythinghesaid，andalwaysbeforehespoke。Possibly，indeed，heoftenlaughedatwhathedidnotutter，foreveryspeechbegunwithalaugh，thoughitdidnotalwaysendwithajest。Therewasnogreatanalogybetweenthecharactersoftheuncleandthenephew，andyettheyseemedentirelytoagreeinenjoyingthehonorwhichthered-coatdidtohisfamily。Thistheuncleexpressedwithgreatpleasureinhiscountenance，andseemeddesirousofshowingallpresentthehonorwhichhehadforhisnephew，who，onhisside，wasatsomepainstoconvinceusofhisconcurringinthisopinion，andatthesametimeofdisplayingthecontempthehadfortheparts，aswellastheoccupationofhisuncle，whichheseemedtothinkreflectedsomedisgraceonhimself，whowasamemberofthatprofessionwhichmakeseverymanagentleman。
NotthatIwouldbeunderstoodtoinsinuatethatthenephewendeavoredtoshakeoffordisownhisuncle，orindeedtokeephimatanydistance。Onthecontrary，hetreatedhimwiththeutmostfamiliarity，oftencallinghimDick，anddearDick，andoldDick，andfrequentlybeginninganorationwithD——nme，Dick。
Allthiscondescensiononthepartoftheyoungmanwasreceivedwithsuitablemarksofcomplaisanceandobligationbytheoldone;especiallywhenitwasattendedwithevidencesofthesamefamiliaritywithgeneralofficersandotherpersonsofrank;oneofwhom，inparticular，Iknowtohavetheprideandinsolenceofthedevilhimself，andwho，withoutsomestrongbiasofinterest，isnomoreliabletoconversefamiliarlywithalieutenantthanofbeingmistakeninhisjudgmentofafool;whichwasnot，perhaps，socertainlythecaseoftheworthylieutenant，who，indeclaringtousthequalificationswhichrecommendedmentohiscountenanceandconversation，aswellaswhateffectuallysetabartoallhopesofthathonor，exclaimed，\"No，sir，bythed——I
hateallfools——No，d——nme，excusemeforthat。That’salittletoomuch，oldDick。TherearetwoorthreeofficersofourregimentwhomIknowtobefools;butd——nmeifIameverseenintheircompany。Ifamanhathafoolofarelation，Dick，youknowhecan’thelpthat，oldboy。\"Suchjokesasthesetheoldmannotonlytoolsingoodpart，butgliblygulpeddownthewholenarrativeofhisnephew;nordidhe，Iamconvinced，intheleastdoubtofourasreadilyswallowingthesame。Thismadehimsocharmedwiththelieutenant，thatitisprobableweshouldhavebeenpesteredwithhimthewholeevening，hadnotthenorthwind，dearertooursea-captaineventhanthisgloryofhisfamily，sprungsuddenlyup，andcalledaloudtohimtoweighhisanchor。Whilethisceremonywasperforming，thesea-captainorderedouthisboattorowtheland-captaintoshore;notindeedonanuninhabitedisland，butonewhich，inthispart，lookedbutlittlebetter，notpresentingustheviewofasinglehouse。
Indeed，ouroldfriend，whenhisboatreturnedonshore，perhapsbeingnolongerabletostiflehisenvyofthesuperiorityofhisnephew，tolduswithasmilethattheyoungmanhadagoodfivemiletowalkbeforehecouldbeaccommodatedwithapassagetoPortsmouth。
Itappearednowthatthecaptainhadbeenonlymistakeninthedateofhisprediction，byplacingtheeventadayearlierthanithappened;forthewindwhichnowarosewasnotonlyfavorablebutbrisk，andwasnosoonerinreachofoursailsthanitsweptusawaybythebackoftheIsleofWight，and，havinginthenightcarriedusbyChristchurchandPeveral-point，broughtusthenextnoon，Saturday，July25，ofttheislandofPortland，sofamousforthesmallnessandsweetnessofitsmutton，ofwhichalegseldomweighsfourpounds。Wewouldhaveboughtasheep，butourcaptainwouldnotpermitit;thoughheneedednothavebeeninsuchahurry，forpresentlythewind，Iwillnotpositivelyassertinresentmentofhissurliness，showedhimadog’strick，andslylyslippedbackagaintohissummer-houseinthesouth-west。
Thecaptainnowgrewoutrageous，and，declaringopenwarwiththewind，tookaresolution，rathermoreboldthanwise，ofsailingindefianceofit，andinitsteeth。Hesworehewouldletgohisanchornomore，butwouldbeattheseawhilehehadeitheryardorsailleft。Heaccordinglystoodfromtheshore，andmadesolargeatackthatbeforenight，thoughheseemedtoadvancebutlittleonhisway，hewasgotoutofsightofland。
Towardseveningthewindbegan，inthecaptain’sownlanguage，andindeeditfreshenedsomuch，thatbeforetenitblewaperfecthurricane。Thecaptainhavinggot，ashesupposed，toasafedistance，tackedagaintowardstheEnglishshore;andnowthewindveeredapointonlyinhisfavor，andcontinuedtoblowwithsuchviolence，thattheshipranaboveeightknotsormilesanhourduringthiswholedayandtempestuousnighttillbed-time。Iwasobligedtobetakemyselfoncemoretomysolitude，formywomenwereagainalldownintheirsea-sickness，andthecaptainwasbusyondeck;forhebegantogrowuneasy，chiefly，Ibelieve，becausehedidnotwellknowwherehewas，andwould，Iamconvinced，havebeenverygladtohavebeeninPortland-road，eatingsomesheep’s-headbroth。
Havingcontractednogreatdegreeofgood-humorbylivingawholedayalone，withoutasinglesoultoconversewith，Itookbutillphysictopurgeitoff，byabed-conversationwiththecaptain，who，amongstmanybitterlamentationsofhisfate，andprotestinghehadmorepatiencethanaJob，frequentlyintermixedsummonstothecommandingofficeronthedeck，whonowhappenedtobeoneMorrison，acarpenter，theonlyfellowthathadeithercommonsenseorcommoncivilityintheship。OfMorrisonheinquiredeveryquarterofanhourconcerningthestateofaffairs：thewind，thecareoftheship，andothermattersofnavigation。Thefrequencyofthesesummons，aswellasthesolicitudewithwhichtheyweremade，sufficientlytestifiedthestateofthecaptain’smind;heendeavoredtoconcealit，andwouldhavegivennosmallalarmtoamanwhohadeithernotlearnedwhatitistodie，orknownwhatitistobemiserable。Andmydearwifeandchildmustpardonme，ifwhatIdidnotconceivetobeanygreateviltomyselfIwasnotmuchterrifiedwiththethoughtsofhappeningtothem;intruth，IhaveoftenthoughttheyarebothtoogoodandtoogentletobetrustedtothepowerofanymanIknow，towhomtheycouldpossiblybesotrusted。
CanIsaythenIhadnofear？indeedIcannot。Reader，Iwasafraidforthee，lestthoushouldsthavebeendeprivedofthatpleasurethouartnowenjoying;andthatIshouldnotlivetodrawoutonpaperthatmilitarycharacterwhichthoudidstperuseinthejournalofyesterday。
Fromallthesefearswewererelieved，atsixinthemorning，bythearrivalofMr。Morrison，whoacquaintedusthathewassurehebeheldlandverynear;forhecouldnotseehalfamile，byreasonofthehazinessoftheweather。Thislandhesaidwas，hebelieved，theBerry-head，whichformsonesideofTorbay：thecaptaindeclaredthatitwasimpossible，andswore，onconditionhewasright，hewouldgivehimhismotherforamaid。Aforfeitwhichbecameafterwardsstrictlydueandpayable;forthecaptain，whippingonhisnight-gown，ranupwithouthisbreeches，andwithinhalfanhourreturningintothecabin，wishedmejoyofourlyingsafeatanchorinthebay。
Sunday，July26。——Thingsnowbegantoputonanaspectverydifferentfromwhattheyhadlatelyworn;thenewsthattheshiphadalmostlostitsmizzen，andthatwehadprocuredveryfinecloutedcreamandfreshbreadandbutterfromtheshore，restoredhealthandspiritstoourwomen，andweallsatdowntoaverycheerfulbreakfast。But，howeverpleasantourstaypromisedtobehere，wewerealldesirousitshouldbeshort：Iresolvedimmediatelytodespatchmymanintothecountrytopurchaseapresentofcider，formyfriendsofthatwhichiscalledSoutham，aswellastotakewithmeahogsheadofittoLisbon;foritis，inmyopinion，muchmoredeliciousthanthatwhichisthegrowthofHerefordshire。Ipurchasedthreehogsheadsforfivepoundstenshillings，allwhichIshouldhavescarcethoughtworthmentioning，hadInotbelieveditmightbeofequalservicetothehonestfarmerwhosolditme，andwhoisbytheneighboringgentlemenreputedtodealintheverybest;andtothereader，who，fromignoranceofthemeansofprovidingbetterforhimself，swallowsatadearerratethejuiceofMiddlesexturnip，insteadofthatVinumPomonaewhichMr。GilesLeveranceofCheeshurst，nearDartmouthinDevon，will，atthepriceoffortyshillingsperhogshead，sendindoublecaskstoanypartoftheworld。Hadthewindbeenverysuddeninshifting，Ihadlostmyciderbyanattemptofaboatmantoexact，accordingtocustom。Herequiredfiveshillingsforconveyingmymanamileandahalftotheshore，andfourmoreifhestayedtobringhimback。ThisI
thoughttobesuchinsufferableimpudencethatIorderedhimtobeimmediatelychasedfromtheship，withoutanyanswer。Indeed，therearefewinconveniencesthatIwouldnotratherencounterthanencouragetheinsolentdemandsofthesewretches，attheexpenseofmyownindignation，ofwhichIowntheyarenottheonlyobjects，butratherthosewhopurchaseapaltryconveniencebyencouragingthem。ButofthisIhavealreadyspokenverylargely。Ishallconclude，therefore，withtheleavewhichthisfellowtookofourship;sayingheshouldknowitagain，andwouldnotputofffromtheshoretorelieveitinanydistresswhatever。Itwill，doubtless，surprisemanyofmyreaderstohearthat，whenwelayatanchorwithinamileortwoofatownseveraldaystogether，andeveninthemosttemperateweather，weshouldfrequentlywantfreshprovisionsandherbage，andotheremolumentsoftheshore，asmuchasifwehadbeenahundredleaguesfromland。Andthistoowhilenumbersofboatswereinoursight，whoseownersgettheirlivelihoodbyrowingpeopleupanddown，andcouldbeatanytimesummonedbyasignaltoourassistance，andwhilethecaptainhadalittleboatofhisown，withmenalwaysreadytorowitathiscommand。
This，however，hathbeenpartlyaccountedforalreadybytheimposingdispositionofthepeople，whoaskedsomuchmorethantheproperpriceoftheirlabor。Andastotheusefulnessofthecaptain’sboat，itrequirestobealittleexpatiatedupon，asitwilltendtolayopensomeofthegrievanceswhichdemandtheutmostregardofourlegislature，astheyaffectthemostvaluablepartoftheking’ssubjects——thosebywhomthecommerceofthenationiscarriedintoexecution。Ourcaptainthen，whowasaverygoodandexperiencedseaman，havingbeenabovethirtyyearsthemasterofavessel，partofwhichhehadserved，sohephrasedit，ascommanderofaprivateer，andhaddischargedhimselfwithgreatcourageandconduct，andwithasgreatsuccess，discoveredtheutmostaversiontothesendinghisboatashorewheneverwelaywind-boundinanyofourharbors。Thisaversiondidnotarisefromanyfearofwearingouthisboatbyusingit，butwas，intruth，theresultofexperience，thatitwaseasiertosendhismenonshorethantorecallthem。Theyacknowledgedhimtobetheirmasterwhiletheyremainedonshipboard，butdidnotallowhispowertoextendtotheshores，wheretheyhadnosoonersettheirfootthaneverymanbecamesuijuris，andthoughthimselfatfulllibertytoreturnwhenhepleased。Nowitisnotanydelightthatthesefellowshaveinthefreshairorverdantfieldsontheland。EveryoneofthemwouldpreferhisshipandhishammocktoallthesweetsofArabiatheHappy;but，unluckilyforthem，thereareineveryseaportinEnglandcertainhouseswhosechieflivelihooddependsonprovidingentertainmentforthegentlemenofthejacket。Forthispurposetheyarealwayswellfurnishedwiththosecordialliquorswhichdoimmediatelyinspiretheheartwithgladness，banishingallcarefulthoughts，andindeedallothers，fromthemind，andopeningthemouthwithsongsofcheerfulnessandthanksgivingforthemanywonderfulblessingswithwhichaseafaringlifeoverflows。
Formyownpart，howeverwhimsicalitmayappear，IconfessI
havethoughtthestrangestoryofCirceintheOdysseynootherthananingeniousallegory，inwhichHomerintendedtoconveytohiscountrymenthesamekindofinstructionwhichweintendtocommunicatetoourowninthisdigression。AsteachingtheartofwartotheGreekswastheplaindesignoftheIliad，sowasteachingthemtheartofnavigationthenolessmanifestintentionoftheOdyssey。Fortheimprovementofthis，theirsituationwasmostexcellentlyadapted;andaccordinglywefindThucydides，inthebeginningofhishistory，considerstheGreeksasasetofpiratesorprivateers，plunderingeachotherbysea。
ThisbeingprobablythefirstinstitutionofcommercebeforetheArsCauponariawasinvented，andmerchants，insteadofrobbing，begantocheatandoutwiteachother，andbydegreeschangedtheMetabletic，theonlykindoftrafficallowedbyAristotleinhisPolitics，intotheChrematistic。
BythisallegorythenIsupposeUlyssestohavebeenthecaptainofamerchant-ship，andCircesomegoodale-wife，whomadehiscrewdrunkwiththespirituousliquorsofthosedays。Withthisthetransformationintoswine，aswellasallotherincidentsofthefable，willnotablyagree;andthusakeywillbefoundoutforunlockingthewholemystery，andforgingatleastsomemeaningtoastorywhich，atpresent，appearsverystrangeandabsurd。
Hence，moreover，willappeartheverynearresemblancebetweenthesea-faringmenofallagesandnations;andhereperhapsmaybeestablishedthetruthandjusticeofthatobservation，whichwilloccuroftenerthanonceinthisvoyage，thatallhumanfleshisnotthesameflesh，butthatthereisonekindoffleshoflandmen，andanotherofseamen。
Philosophers，divines，andothers，whohavetreatedthegratificationofhumanappetiteswithcontempt，have，amongotherinstances，insistedverystronglyonthatsatietywhichissoapttoovertakethemevenintheveryactofenjoyment。Andheretheymoreparticularlydeserveourattention，asmostofthemmaybesupposedtospeakfromtheirownexperience，andveryprobablygaveustheirlessonswithafullstomach。Thushungerandthirst，whateverdelighttheymayaffordwhileweareeatinganddrinking，passbothawayfromuswiththeplateandthecup;andthoughweshouldimitatetheRomans，if，indeed，theyweresuchdullbeasts，whichIcanscarcebelieve，tounloadthebellylikeadung-pot，inordertofillitagainwithanotherload，yetwouldthepleasurebesoconsiderablylessenedthatitwouldscarcerepayusthetroubleofpurchasingitwithswallowingabasinofcamomiletea。Asecondhaunchofvenison，oraseconddoseofturtle，wouldhardlyallureacitygluttonwithitssmell。EventhecelebratedJewhimself，whenwellfilledwithcalipashandcalipee，goescontentedlyhometotellhismoney，andexpectsnomorepleasurefromhisthroatduringthenexttwenty-fourhours。HenceIsupposeDr。SouthtookthatelegantcomparisonofthejoysofaspeculativemantothesolemnsilenceofanArchimedesoveraproblem，andthoseofagluttontothestillnessofasowatherwash。Asimilewhich，ifitbecamethepulpitatall，couldonlybecomeitintheafternoon。Whereasinthosepotationswhichthemindseemstoenjoy，ratherthanthebodilyappetite，thereishappilynosuchsatiety;butthemoreamandrinks，themorehedesires;asif，likeMarkAnthonyinDryden，hisappetiteincreasedwithfeeding，andthistosuchanimmoderatedegree，utnullussitdesiderioautpudorautmodus。
Hence，aswiththegangofCaptainUlysses，ensuessototalatransformation，thatthemannomorecontinueswhathewas。
Perhapsheceasesforatimetobeatall;or，thoughhemayretainthesameoutwardformandfigurehehadbefore，yetishisnoblerpart，aswearetaughttocallit，sochanged，that，insteadofbeingthesameman，hescarcerememberswhathewasafewhoursbefore。Andthistransformation，beingonceobtained，issoeasilypreservedbythesamepotations，whichinducednosatiety，thatthecaptaininvainsendsorgoesinquestofhiscrew。Theyknowhimnolonger;or，iftheydo，theyacknowledgenothispower，havingindeedasentirelyforgottenthemselvesasiftheyhadtakenalargedraughtoftheriverofLethe。
NoristhecaptainalwayssureofevenfindingouttheplacetowhichCircehathconveyedthem。Therearemanyofthosehousesineveryport-town。Nay，therearesomewherethesorceressdothnottrustonlytoherdrugs;buthathinstrumentsofadifferentkindtoexecuteherpurposes，bywhosemeansthetariseffectuallysecretedfromtheknowledgeandpursuitofhiscaptain。Thiswould，indeed，beveryfatal，wasitnotforonecircumstance;thatthesailorisseldomprovidedwiththeproperbaitfortheseharpies。However，thecontrarysometimeshappens，astheseharpieswillbiteatalmostanything，andwillsnapatapairofsilverbuttons，orbuckles，assurelyasatthespecieitself。Nay，sometimestheyaresovoracious，thattheverynakedhookwillgodown，andthejollyyoungsailorissacrificedforhisownsake。
Invain，atsuchaseasonasthis，wouldthevowsofapiousheathenhaveprevailedoverNeptune，Aeolus，oranyothermarinedeity。InvainwouldtheprayersofaChristiancaptainbeattendedwiththelikesuccess。Thewindmaychangehowitpleaseswhileallhandsareonshore;theanchorwouldremainfirmintheground，andtheshipwouldcontinueindurance，unless，likeotherforcibleprison-breakers，itforciblygotloosefornogoodpurpose。Now，asthefavorofwindsandcourts，andsuchlike，isalwaystobelaidholdonattheveryfirstmotion，forwithintwenty-fourhoursallmaybechangedagain;so，intheformercase，thelossofadaymaybethelossofavoyage：for，thoughitmayappeartopersonsnotwellskilledinnavigation，whoseeshipsmeetandsailbyeachother，thatthewindblowssometimeseastandwest，northandsouth，backwardsandforwards，atthesameinstant;yet，certainitisthatthelandissocontrived，thateventhesamewindwillnot，likethesamehorse，alwaysbringamantotheendofhisjourney;but，thatthegalewhichthemarinerprayedheartilyforyesterday，hemayasheartilydeprecateto-morrow;whilealluseandbenefitwhichwouldhavearisentohimfromthewesterlywindofto-morrowmaybetotallylostandthrownawaybyneglectingtheofferoftheeasterlyblastwhichblowsto-day。
Henceensuesgriefanddisreputationtotheinnocentcaptain，lossanddisappointmenttotheworthymerchant，andnotseldomgreatprejudicetothetradeofanationwhosemanufacturesarethusliabletolieunsoldinaforeignwarehousethemarketbeingforestalledbysomerivalwhosesailorsareunderabetterdiscipline。Toguardagainsttheseinconveniencestheprudentcaptaintakeseveryprecautioninhispower;hemakesthestrongestcontractswithhiscrew，andtherebybindsthemsofirmly，thatnonebutthegreatestorleastofmencanbreakthroughthemwithimpunity;butforoneofthesetworeasons，whichIwillnotdetermine，thesailor，likehisbrotherfishtheeel，istooslipperytobeheld，andplungesintohiselementwithperfectimpunity。Tospeakaplaintruth，thereisnotrustingtoanycontractwithonewhomthewisecitizensofLondoncallabadman;for，withsuchaone，thoughyourbondbeeversostrong，itwillproveintheendgoodfornothing。
Whatthenistobedoneinthiscase？What，indeed，buttocallintheassistanceofthattremendousmagistrate，thejusticeofpeace，whocan，andoftendoth，laygoodandbadmeninequaldurance;and，thoughheseldomcarestostretchhisbondstowhatisgreat，neverfindsanythingtoominutefortheirdetention，butwillholdthesmallestreptilealivesofastinhisnoose，thathecannevergetouttillheisletdropthroughit。Why，therefore，uponthebreachofthosecontracts，shouldnotanimmediateapplicationbemadetothenearestmagistrateofthisorder，whoshouldbeempoweredtoconveythedelinquenteithertoshiportoprison，attheelectionofthecaptain，tobefetteredbythelegineitherplace？But，asthecasenowstands，theconditionofthispoorcaptainwithoutanycommission，andofthisabsolutecommanderwithoutanypower，ismuchworsethanwehavehithertoshownittobe;for，notwithstandingalltheaforesaidcontractstosailinthegoodshiptheElizabeth，ifthesailorshould，forbetterwages，finditmorehisinteresttogoonboardthebettershiptheMary，eitherbeforetheirsettingoutorontheirspeedymeetinginsomeport，hemaypreferthelatterwithoutanyotherdangerthanthatof\"doingwhatheoughtnottohavedone，\"contrarytoarulewhichheisseldomChristianenoughtohavemuchatheart，whilethecaptainisgenerallytoogoodaChristiantopunishamanoutofrevengeonly，whenheistobeataconsiderableexpenseforsodoing。
Therearemanyotherdeficienciesinourlawsrelatingtomaritimeaffairs，andwhichwouldprobablyhavebeenlongsincecorrected，hadweanyseamenintheHouseofCommons。NotthatI
wouldinsinuatethatthelegislaturewantsasupplyofmanygentlemeninthesea-service;but，asthesegentlemenarebytheirattendanceinthehouseunfortunatelypreventedfromevergoingtosea，andtherelearningwhattheymightcommunicatetotheirlandedbrethren，theselatterremainasignorantinthatbranchofknowledgeastheywouldbeifnonebutcourtiersandfox-huntershadbeenelectedintoparliament，withoutasinglefishamongthem。Thefollowingseemstometobeaneffectofthiskind，anditstrikesmethestrongerasIrememberthecasetohavehappened，andrememberittohavebeendispunishable。A
captainofatradingvessel，ofwhichhewaspartowner，tookinalargefreightofoatsatLiverpool，consignedtothemarketatBearkey：thishecarriedtoaportinHampshire，andtheresolditashisown，and，freightinghisvesselwithwheatfortheportofCadiz，inSpain，droppeditatOportoinhisway;andthere，sellingitforhisownuse，tookinaladingofwine，withwhichhesailedagain，and，havingconverteditinthesamemanner，togetherwithalargesumofmoneywithwhichhewasintrusted，forthebenefitofcertainmerchants，soldtheshipandcargoinanotherport，andthenwiselysatdowncontentedwiththefortunehehadmade，andreturnedtoLondontoenjoytheremainderofhisdays，withthefruitsofhisformerlaborsandagoodconscience。
Thesumhebroughthomewithhimconsistedofnearsixthousandpounds，allinspecie，andmostofitinthatcoinwhichPortugaldistributessoliberallyoverEurope。
Hewasnotyetoldenoughtobepastallsenseofpleasure，norsopuffedupwiththeprideofhisgoodfortuneastooverlookhisoldacquaintancesthejourneymentailors，fromamongwhomhehadbeenformerlypressedintothesea-service，and，havingtherelaidthefoundationofhisfuturesuccessbyhissharesinprizes，hadafterwardsbecomecaptainofatradingvessel，inwhichhepurchasedaninterest，andhadsoonbeguntotradeinthehonorablemannerabovementioned。Thecaptainnowtookuphisresidenceatanale-houseinDrury-lane，where，havingallhismoneybyhiminatrunk，hespentaboutfivepoundsadayamonghisoldfriendsthegentlemenandladiesofthoseparts。
ThemerchantofLiverpool，havingluckilyhadnoticefromafriendduringtheblazeofhisfortune，did，bytheassistanceofajusticeofpeace，withouttheassistanceofthelaw，recoverhiswholeloss。Thecaptain，however，wiselychosetorefundnomore;but，perceivingwithwhathastystridesEnvywaspursuinghisfortune，hetookspeedymeanstoretireoutofherreach，andtoenjoytherestofhiswealthinaningloriousobscurity;norcouldthesamejusticeovertakehimtimeenoughtoassistasecondmerchantashehaddonethefirst。
Thiswasaveryextraordinarycase，andthemoresoastheingeniousgentlemanhadsteeredentirelyclearofallcrimesinourlaw。Now，howitcomesaboutthatarobberysoveryeasytobecommitted，andtowhichthereissuchimmediatetemptationalwaysbeforetheeyesofthesefellows，shouldreceivetheencouragementofimpunity，istobeaccountedforonlyfromtheoversightofthelegislature，asthatoversightcanonlybe，I
think，derivedfromthereasonsIhaveassignedforit。
ButIwilldwellnolongeronthissubject。IfwhatIhaveheresaidshouldseemofsufficientconsequencetoengagetheattentionofanymaninpower，andshouldthusbethemeansofapplyinganyremedytothemostinveterateevils，atleast，I
haveobtainedmywholedesire，andshallhavelainsolongwind-boundintheportsofthiskingdomtosomepurpose。I
would，indeed，havethiswork——which，ifIshouldlivetofinishit，amatterofnogreatcertainty，ifindeedofanygreathopetome，willbeprobablythelastIshalleverundertake——toproducesomebetterendthanthemerediversionofthereader。
Monday。——Thisdayourcaptainwentashore，todinewithagentlemanwholivesintheseparts，andwhosoexactlyresemblesthecharactergivenbyHomerofAxylus，thattheonlydifferenceIcantracebetweenthemis，theone，livingbythehighway，erectedhishospitalitychieflyinfavorofland-travelers;andtheother，livingbythewater-side，gratifiedhishumanitybyaccommodatingthewantsofthemariner。
Intheeveningourcommanderreceivedavisitfromabrotherbashaw，wholaywind-boundinthesameharbor。ThislattercaptainwasaSwiss。HewasthenmasterofavesselboundtoGuinea，andhadformerlybeenaprivateering，whenourownherowasemployedinthesamelaudableservice。ThehonestyandfreedomoftheSwitzer，hisvivacity，inwhichhewasinnorespectinferiortohisnearneighborstheFrench，theawkwardandaffectedpoliteness，whichwaslikewiseofFrenchextraction，mixedwiththebrutalroughnessoftheEnglishtar——forhehadservedunderthecolorsofthisnationandhiscrewhadbeenofthesame——madesuchanoddvariety，suchahotch-potchofcharacter，thatIshouldhavebeenmuchdivertedwithhim，hadnothisvoice，whichwasasloudasaspeaking-trumpet，unfortunatelymademyheadache。Thenoisewhichheconveyedintothedeafearsofhisbrothercaptain，whosatononesideofhim，thesoftaddresseswithwhich，mixedwithawkwardbows，hesalutedtheladiesontheother，weresoagreeablycontrasted，thatamanmustnotonlyhavebeenvoidofalltasteofhumor，andinsensibleofmirth，butdullerthanCibberisrepresentedintheDunciad，whocouldbeunentertainedwithhimalittlewhile;
for，Iconfess，suchentertainmentsshouldalwaysbeveryshort，astheyareveryliabletopall。Buthesufferednotthistohappenatpresent;for，havinggivenushiscompanyaquarterofanhouronly，heretired，aftermanyapologiesfortheshortnessofhisvisit。
Tuesday。——Thewindbeinglessboisterousthanithadhithertobeensinceourarrivalhere，severalfishing-boats，whichthetempestuousweatheryesterdayhadpreventedfromworking，cameonboarduswithfish。Thiswassofresh，sogoodinkind，andsoverycheap，thatwesuppliedourselvesingreatnumbers，amongwhichwereverylargesolesatfourpenceapair，andwhitingsofalmostapreposteroussizeatninepenceascore。Theonlyfishwhichboreanypricewasajohndoree，asitiscalled。Iboughtoneofatleastfourpoundsweightforasmanyshillings。Itresemblesaturbotinshape，butexceedsitinfirmnessandflavor。Thepricehadtheappearanceofbeingconsiderablewhenopposedtotheextraordinarycheapnessofothersofvalue，butwas，intruth，soveryreasonablewhenestimatedbyitsgoodness，thatitleftmeundernoothersurprisethanhowthegentlemenofthiscountry，notgreatlyeminentforthedelicacyoftheirtaste，haddiscoveredthepreferenceofthedoreetoallotherfish：butIwasinformedthatMr。Quin，whosedistinguishingtoothhathbeensojustlycelebrated，hadlatelyvisitedPlymouth，andhaddonethosehonorstothedoreewhicharesojustlyduetoitfromthatsectofmodernphilosopherswho，withSirEpicureMammon，orSirEpicureQuin，theirhead，seemmoretodelightinafish-pondthaninagarden，astheoldEpicureansaresaidtohavedone。
UnfortunatelyforthefishmongersofLondon，thedoreeresidesonlyinthoseseas;for，couldanyofthiscompanybutconveyonetothetempleofluxuryunderthePiazza，whereMacklinthehigh-priestdailyservesuphisrichofferingstothatgoddess，greatwouldbetherewardofthatfishmonger，inblessingspoureddownuponhimfromthegoddess，asgreatwouldhismeritbetowardsthehigh-priest，whocouldneverbethoughttooverratesuchvaluableincense。
Andhere，havingmentionedtheextremecheapnessoffishintheDevonshiresea，andgivensomelittlehintoftheextremedearnesswithwhichthiscommodityisdispensedbythosewhodealinitinLondon，Icannotpassonwithoutthrowingforthanobservationortwo，withthesameviewwithwhichIhavescatteredmyseveralremarksthroughthisvoyage，sufficientlysatisfiedinhavingfinishedmylife，asIhaveprobablylostit，intheserviceofmycountry，fromthebestofmotives，thoughitshouldbeattendedwiththeworstofsuccess。Meansarealwaysinourpower;endsareveryseldomso。
Ofalltheanimalfoodswithwhichmanisfurnished，therearenonesoplentyasfish。Alittlerivulet，thatglidesalmostunperceivedthroughavasttractofrichland，willsupportmorehundredswiththefleshofitsinhabitantsthanthemeadowwillnourishindividuals。Butifthisbetrueofrivers，itismuchtruerofthesea-shores，whichaboundwithsuchimmensevarietyoffishthatthecuriousfisherman，afterhehathmadehisdraught，oftencullsonlythedaintiestpartandleavestherestofhispreytoperishontheshore。Ifthisbetrueitwouldappear，Ithink，thatthereisnothingwhichmightbehadinsuchabundance，andconsequentlysocheap，asfish，ofwhichNatureseemstohaveprovidedsuchinexhaustiblestoreswithsomepeculiardesign。Intheproductionofterrestrialanimalssheproceedswithsuchslowness，thatinthelargerkindasinglefemaleseldomproducesmorethanonea-year，andthisagainrequiresthree，for，orfiveyearsmoretobringittoperfection。Andthoughthelesserquadrupeds，thoseofthewildkindparticularly，withthebirds，domultiplymuchfaster，yetcannoneofthesebearanyproportionwiththeaquaticanimals，ofwhomeveryfemalematrixisfurnishedwithanannualoffspringalmostexceedingthepowerofnumbers，andwhich，inmanyinstancesatleast，asingleyeariscapableofbringingtosomedegreeofmaturity。