第1章

toTOTHERIGHTHONORABLE

MYVERYGOODLORD

THEDUKEOFBUCKINGHAM

HISGRACE，LORD

HIGHADMIRALOFENGLAND

EXCELLENTLORD：

SALOMONsaies;AgoodNameisasapreciousoyntment;AndIassuremyselfe，suchwilyourGracesNamebee，withPosteritie.ForyourFortune，andMeritboth，havebeenEminent.AndyouhaveplantedThings，thatareliketolast.IdoenowpublishmyEssayes;which，ofallmyotherworkes，havebeenemostCurrant：Forthat，asitseemes，theycomehome，toMensBusinesse，andBosomes.Ihaveenlargedthem，bothinNumber，andWeight;SothattheyareindeedaNewWorke.

Ithoughtitthereforeagreeable，tomyAffection，andObligationtoyourGrace，toprefixyourNamebeforethem，bothinEnglish，andinLatine.ForI

doeconceive，thattheLatineVolumeofthem，（beingintheUniversallLanguage）maylast，aslongasBookeslast.MyInstauration，IdedicatedtotheKing：MyHistorieofHenrytheSeventh，（whichIhavenowalsotranslatedintoLatine）andmyPortionsofNaturallHistory，tothePrince：

AndtheseIdedicatetoyourGrace;BeingofthebestFruits，thatbythegoodEncrease，whichGodgivestomyPenandLabours，Icouldyeeld.

GodleadeyourGracebytheHand.YourGracesmostObligedandfaithfullServant，FR.ST.ALBAN

oftruthOfTruthWHATistruth？saidjestingPilate，andwouldnotstayforananswer.Certainlytherebe，thatdelightingiddiness，andcountitabondagetofixabelief;affectingfree—willinthinking，aswellasinacting.Andthoughthesectsofphilosophersofthatkindbegone，yetthereremaincertaindis—

coursingwits，whichareofthesameveins，thoughtherebenotsomuchbloodinthem，aswasinthoseoftheancients.Butitisnotonlythedifficultyandlabor，whichmentakeinfindingoutoftruth，noragain，thatwhenitisfound，itimposethuponmen’sthoughts，thatdothbringliesinfavor;butanatural，thoughcorruptlove，ofthelieitself.OneofthelaterschooloftheGrecians，examineththematter，andisatastand，tothinkwhatshouldbeinit，thatmenshouldlovelies;whereneithertheymakeforpleasure，aswithpoets，norforadvan—

tage，aswiththemerchant;butforthelie’ssake.

ButIcannottell;thissametruth，isanaked，andopenday—light，thatdothnotshowthemasks，andmummeries，andtriumphs，oftheworld，halfsostatelyanddaintilyascandle—lights.Truthmayperhapscometothepriceofapearl，thatshowethbestbyday;butitwillnotrisetothepriceofadiamond，orcarbuncle，thatshowethbestinvariedlights.Amixtureofaliedotheveraddpleasure.

Dothanymandoubt，thatifthereweretakenoutofmen’sminds，vainopinions，flatteringhopes，falsevaluations，imaginationsasonewould，andthelike，butitwouldleavetheminds，ofanumberofmen，poorshrunkenthings，fullofmelancholyandindisposition，andunpleasingtothemselves？

Oneofthefathers，ingreatseverity，calledpoesyvinumdaemonum，becauseitfireththeimagina—

tion;andyet，itisbutwiththeshadowofalie.

Butitisnottheliethatpasseththroughthemind，buttheliethatsinkethin，andsettlethinit，thatdoththehurt;suchaswespakeofbefore.Buthow—

soeverthesethingsarethusinmen’sdepravedjudgments，andaffections，yettruth，whichonlydothjudgeitself，teacheththattheinquiryoftruth，whichisthelove—making，orwooingofit，theknowledgeoftruth，whichisthepresenceofit，andthebeliefoftruth，whichistheenjoyingofit，isthesovereigngoodofhumannature.ThefirstcreatureofGod，intheworksofthedays，wasthelightofthesense;thelast，wasthelightofreason;

andhissabbathworkeversince，istheillumina—

tionofhisSpirit.Firsthebreathedlight，uponthefaceofthematterorchaos;thenhebreathedlight，intothefaceofman;andstillhebreathethandin—

spirethlight，intothefaceofhischosen.Thepoet，thatbeautifiedthesect，thatwasotherwisein—

feriortotherest，saithyetexcellentlywell：Itisapleasure，tostandupontheshore，andtoseeshipstosseduponthesea;apleasure，tostandinthewin—

dowofacastle，andtoseeabattle，andtheadven—

turesthereofbelow：butnopleasureiscomparabletothestandinguponthevantagegroundoftruth（ahillnottobecommanded，andwheretheairisalwaysclearandserene），andtoseetheerrors，andwanderings，andmists，andtempests，inthevalebelow;soalwaysthatthisprospectbewithpity，andnotwithswelling，orpride.Certainly，itisheavenuponearth，tohaveaman’smindmoveincharity，restinprovidence，andturnuponthepolesoftruth.

Topassfromtheological，andphilosophicaltruth，tothetruthofcivilbusiness;itwillbeac—

knowledged，evenbythosethatpractiseitnot，thatclear，androunddealing，isthehonorofman’snature;andthatmixtureoffalsehoods，islikealloyincoinofgoldandsilver，whichmaymakethemetalworkthebetter，butitembasethit.Forthesewinding，andcrookedcourses，arethegoingsoftheserpent;whichgoethbaselyuponthebelly，andnotuponthefeet.Thereisnovice，thatdothsocoveramanwithshame，astobefoundfalseandperfidious.AndthereforeMontaignesaithpret—

tily，whenheinquiredthereason，whythewordofthelieshouldbesuchadisgrace，andsuchanodiouscharge？Saithhe，Ifitbewellweighed，tosaythatamanlieth，isasmuchtosay，asthatheisbravetowardsGod，andacowardtowardsmen.

ForaliefacesGod，andshrinksfromman.Surelythewickednessoffalsehood，andbreachoffaith，cannotpossiblybesohighlyexpressed，asinthatitshallbethelastpeal，tocallthejudgmentsofGoduponthegenerationsofmen;itbeingforetold，thatwhenChristcometh，heshallnotfindfaithupontheearth.

ofdeathOfDeathMENfeardeath，aschildrenfeartogointhedark;andasthatnaturalfearinchildren，isincreasedwithtales，soistheother.Certainly，thecontemplationofdeath，asthewagesofsin，andpassagetoanotherworld，isholyandrelig—

ious;butthefearofit，asatributedueuntonature，isweak.Yetinreligiousmeditations，thereissome—

timesmixtureofvanity，andofsuperstition.Youshallread，insomeofthefriars’booksofmortifica—

tion，thatamanshouldthinkwithhimself，whatthepainis，ifhehavebuthisfinger’sendpressed，ortortured，andtherebyimagine，whatthepainsofdeathare，whenthewholebodyiscorrupted，anddissolved;whenmanytimesdeathpasseth，withlesspainthanthetortureofalimb;forthemostvitalparts，arenotthequickestofsense.Andbyhimthatspakeonlyasaphilosopher，andnat—

uralman，itwaswellsaid，Pompamortismagisterret，quammorsipsa.Groans，andconvulsions，andadiscoloredface，andfriendsweeping，andblacks，andobsequies，andthelike，showdeathterrible.Itisworthytheobserving，thatthereisnopassioninthemindofman，soweak，butitmates，andmasters，thefearofdeath;andtherefore，deathisnosuchterribleenemy，whenamanhathsomanyattendantsabouthim，thatcanwinthecombatofhim.Revengetriumphsoverdeath;loveslightsit;honoraspirethtoit;grieffliethtoit;fearpreoccupatethit;nay，weread，afterOthotheem—

perorhadslainhimself，pity（whichisthetender—

estofaffections）provokedmanytodie，outofmerecompassiontotheirsovereign，andasthetruestsortoffollowers.Nay，Senecaaddsnicenessandsatiety：Cogitaquamdiueademfeceris;morivelle，nontantumfortisautmiser，sedetiamfastidiosuspotest.Amanwoulddie，thoughhewereneithervaliant，normiserable，onlyuponawearinesstodothesamethingsooft，overandover.Itisnolessworthy，toobserve，howlittlealterationingoodspirits，theapproachesofdeathmake;fortheyappeartobethesamemen，tillthelastinstant.

AugustusCaesardiedinacompliment;Livia，con—

jugiinostrimemor，viveetvale.Tiberiusindissi—

mulation;asTacitussaithofhim，JamTiberiumviresetcorpus，nondissimulatio，deserebant.Ves—

pasianinajest，sittinguponthestool;Utputodeusfio.Galbawithasentence;Feri，siexresitpopuliRomani;holdingforthhisneck.SeptimiusSeverusindespatch;Adestesiquidmihirestatagendum.

Andthelike.CertainlytheStoicsbestowedtoomuchcostupondeath，andbytheirgreatprepara—

tions，madeitappearmorefearful.Bettersaithhe，quifinemvitaeextremumintermuneraponatnaturae.Itisasnaturaltodie，astobeborn;andtoalittleinfant，perhaps，theoneisaspainful，astheother.Hethatdiesinanearnestpursuit，islikeonethatiswoundedinhotblood;who，forthetime，scarcefeelsthehurt;andthereforeamindfixed，andbentuponsomewhatthatisgood，dothavertthedolorsofdeath.But，aboveall，believeit，thesweetestcanticleis’，Nuncdimittis;whenamanhathobtainedworthyends，andexpectations.

Deathhaththisalso;thatitopeneththegatetogoodfame，andextinguishethenvy.—Extinctusamabituridem.

ofunityOfUnityINRELIGION

RELIGIONbeingthechiefbandofhumanso—

ciety，itisahappything，whenitselfiswellcontainedwithinthetruebandofunity.Thequarrels，anddivisionsaboutreligion，wereevilsunknowntotheheathen.Thereasonwas，becausethereligionoftheheathen，consistedratherinritesandceremonies，thaninanyconstantbelief.

Foryoumayimagine，whatkindoffaiththeirswas，whenthechiefdoctors，andfathersoftheirchurch，werethepoets.ButthetrueGodhaththisattribute，thatheisajealousGod;andtherefore，hisworshipandreligion，willendurenomixture，norpartner.Weshallthereforespeakafewwords，concerningtheunityofthechurch;whatarethefruitsthereof;whatthebounds;andwhatthemeans.

Thefruitsofunity（nextuntothewellpleasingofGod，whichisallinall）aretwo：theone，towardsthosethatarewithoutthechurch，theother，towardsthosethatarewithin.Fortheformer;itiscertain，thatheresies，andschisms，areofallothersthegreatestscandals;yea，morethancorruptionofmanners.Forasinthenaturalbody，awound，orsolutionofcontinuity，isworsethanacorrupthumor;sointhespiritual.Sothatnothing，dothsomuchkeepmenoutofthechurch，anddrivemenoutofthechurch，asbreachofunity.Andthere—

fore，whensoeveritcomethtothatpass，thatonesaith，Ecceindeserto，anothersaith，Ecceinpene—

tralibus;thatis，whensomemenseekChrist，intheconventiclesofheretics，andothers，inanoutwardfaceofachurch，thatvoicehadneedcontinuallytosoundinmen’sears，Noliteexire，—Gonotout.

ThedoctoroftheGentiles（theproprietyofwhosevocation，drewhimtohaveaspecialcareofthosewithout）saith，ifanheathencomein，andhearyouspeakwithseveraltongues，willhenotsaythatyouaremad？Andcertainlyitislittlebetter，whenatheists，andprofanepersons，dohearofsomanydiscordant，andcontraryopinionsinre—

ligion;itdothavertthemfromthechurch，andmakeththem，tositdowninthechairofthescorners.Itisbutalightthing，tobevouchedinsoseriousamatter，butyetitexpressethwellthedeformity.Thereisamasterofscoffing，thatinhiscatalogueofbooksofafeignedlibrary，setsdownthistitleofabook，TheMorris—DanceofHeretics.

Forindeed，everysectofthem，hathadiversepos—

ture，orcringebythemselves，whichcannotbutmovederisioninworldlings，anddepravedpolitics，whoareapttocontemnholythings.

Asforthefruittowardsthosethatarewithin;itispeace;whichcontainethinfiniteblessings.Itestablishethfaith;itkindlethcharity;theoutwardpeaceofthechurch，distillethintopeaceofcon—

science;anditturneththelaborsofwriting，andreadingofcontroversies，intotreatiesofmortifica—

tionanddevotion.

Concerningtheboundsofunity;thetrueplac—

ingofthem，importethexceedingly.Thereappeartobetwoextremes.Fortocertainzealants，allspeechofpacificationisodious.Isitpeace，Jehu，？

Whathastthoutodowithpeace？turntheebe—

hindme.Peaceisnotthematter，butfollowing，andparty.Contrariwise，certainLaodiceans，andlukewarmpersons，thinktheymayaccommodatepointsofreligion，bymiddleway，andtakingpartofboth，andwittyreconcilements;asiftheywouldmakeanarbitramentbetweenGodandman.Boththeseextremesaretobeavoided;whichwillbedone，iftheleagueofChristians，pennedbyourSaviorhimself，wereintwocrossclausesthereof，soundlyandplainlyexpounded：Hethatisnotwithus，isagainstus;andagain，Hethatisnotagainstus，iswithus;thatis，ifthepointsfunda—

mentalandofsubstanceinreligion，weretrulydiscernedanddistinguished，frompointsnotmerelyoffaith，butofopinion，order，orgoodin—

tention.Thisisathingmayseemtomanyamattertrivial，anddonealready.Butifitweredonelesspartially，itwouldbeembracedmoregenerally.

OfthisImaygiveonlythisadvice，accordingtomysmallmodel.Menoughttotakeheed，ofrend—

ingGod’schurch，bytwokindsofcontroversies.

Theoneis，whenthematterofthepointcontro—

verted，istoosmallandlight，notworththeheatandstrifeaboutit，kindledonlybycontradiction.

For，asitisnoted，byoneofthefathers，Christ’scoatindeedhadnoseam，butthechurch’svesturewasofdiverscolors;whereuponhesaith，Investevarietassit，scissuranonsit;theybetwothings，unityanduniformity.Theotheris，whenthematterofthepointcontroverted，isgreat，butitisdriventoanover—greatsubtilty，andobscurity;sothatitbecomethathingratheringenious，thansubstantial.Amanthatisofjudgmentandunder—

standing，shallsometimeshearignorantmendif—

fer，andknowwellwithinhimself，thatthosewhichsodiffer，meanonething，andyettheythemselveswouldneveragree.Andifitcomesotopass，inthatdistanceofjudgment，whichisbe—

tweenmanandman，shallwenotthinkthatGodabove，thatknowstheheart，dothnotdiscernthatfrailmen，insomeoftheircontradictions，intendthesamething;andacceptethofboth？Thenatureofsuchcontroversiesisexcellentlyexpressed，bySt.Paul，inthewarningandprecept，thathegivethconcerningthesame，Devitaprofanasvocumnovi—

tates，etoppositionesfalsinominisscientiae.Mencreateoppositions，whicharenot;andputthemintonewterms，sofixed，aswhereasthemeaningoughttogoverntheterm，thetermineffectgov—

erneththemeaning.Therebealsotwofalsepeaces，orunities：theone，whenthepeaceisgrounded，butuponanimplicitignorance;forallcolorswillagreeinthedark：theother，whenitispiecedup，uponadirectadmissionofcontraries，infunda—

mentalpoints.Fortruthandfalsehood，insuchthings，areliketheironandclay，inthetoesofNebuchadnezzar’simage;theymaycleave，buttheywillnotincorporate.

Concerningthemeansofprocuringunity;menmustbeware，thatintheprocuring，orreuniting，ofreligiousunity，theydonotdissolveanddefacethelawsofcharity，andofhumansociety.TherebetwoswordsamongstChristians，thespiritualandtemporal;andbothhavetheirdueofficeandplace，inthemaintenanceofreligion.Butwemaynottakeupthethirdsword，whichisMahomet’ssword，orlikeuntoit;thatis，topropagatereligionbywars，orbysanguinarypersecutionstoforceconsciences;exceptitbeincasesofovertscandal，blasphemy，orintermixtureofpracticeagainstthestate;muchlesstonourishseditions;toauthor—

izeconspiraciesandrebellions;toputtheswordintothepeople’shands;andthelike;tendingtothesubversionofallgovernment，whichistheordinanceofGod.Forthisisbuttodashthefirsttableagainstthesecond;andsotoconsidermenasChristians，asweforgetthattheyaremen.

Lucretiusthepoet，whenhebeheldtheactofAga—

memnon，thatcouldendurethesacrificingofhisowndaughter，exclaimed：TantumReligiopotuitsuaderemalorum.

Whatwouldhehavesaid，ifhehadknownofthemassacreinFrance，orthepowdertreasonofEngland？HewouldhavebeenseventimesmoreEpicure，andatheist，thanhewas.Forasthetem—

poralswordistobedrawnwithgreatcircumspec—

tionincasesofreligion;soitisathingmonstroustoputitintothehandsofthecommonpeople.LetthatbeleftuntotheAnabaptists，andotherfuries.

Itwasgreatblasphemy，whenthedevilsaid，Iwillascend，andbelikethehighest;butitisgreaterblasphemy，topersonateGod，andbringhiminsaying，Iwilldescend，andbeliketheprinceofdarkness;andwhatisitbetter，tomakethecauseofreligiontodescend，tothecruelandexecrableactionsofmurtheringprinces，butcheryofpeople，andsubversionofstatesandgovernments？SurelythisistobringdowntheHolyGhost，insteadofthelikenessofadove，intheshapeofavultureorraven;andset，outofthebarkofaChristianchurch，aflagofabarkofpirates，andassassins.

Thereforeitismostnecessary，thatthechurch，bydoctrineanddecree，princesbytheirsword，andalllearnings，bothChristianandmoral，asbytheirMercuryrod，dodamnandsendtohellforever，thosefactsandopinionstendingtothesupportofthesame;ashathbeenalreadyingoodpartdone.

Surelyincounselsconcerningreligion，thatcoun—

seloftheapostlewouldbeprefixed，IrahominisnonimpletjustitiamDei.Anditwasanotableobservationofawisefather，andnolessingenu—

ouslyconfessed;thatthosewhichheldandper—

suadedpressureofconsciences，werecommonlyinterestedtherein.，themselves，fortheirownends.

ofrevengeOfRevengeREVENGEisakindofwildjustice;whichthemoreman’snaturerunsto，themoreoughtlawtoweeditout.Forasforthefirstwrong，itdothbutoffendthelaw;buttherevengeofthatwrong，putteththelawoutofoffice.Certainly，intakingrevenge，amanisbutevenwithhisenemy;

butinpassingitover，heissuperior;foritisaprince’sparttopardon.AndSolomon，Iamsure，saith，Itisthegloryofaman，topassbyanoffence.

Thatwhichispastisgone，andirrevocable;andwisemenhaveenoughtodo，withthingspresentandtocome;thereforetheydobuttriflewiththemselves，thatlaborinpastmatters.Thereisnomandothawrong，forthewrong’ssake;buttherebytopurchasehimselfprofit，orpleasure，orhonor，orthelike.ThereforewhyshouldIbeangrywithaman，forlovinghimselfbetterthanme？Andifanymanshoulddowrong，merelyoutofill—nature，why，yetitisbutlikethethornorbriar，whichprickandscratch，becausetheycandonoother.Themosttolerablesortofrevenge，isforthosewrongswhichthereisnolawtoremedy;

butthenletamantakeheed，therevengebesuchasthereisnolawtopunish;elseaman’senemyisstillbeforehand，anditistwoforone.Some，whentheytakerevenge，aredesirous，thepartyshouldknow，whenceitcometh.Thisisthemoregener—

ous.Forthedelightseemethtobe，notsomuchindoingthehurt，asinmakingthepartyrepent.Butbaseandcraftycowards，arelikethearrowthatfliethinthedark.Cosmus，dukeofFlorence，hadadesperatesayingagainstperfidiousorneglectingfriends，asifthosewrongswereunpardonable;

Youshallread（saithhe）thatwearecommandedtoforgiveourenemies;butyouneverread，thatwearecommandedtoforgiveourfriends.ButyetthespiritofJobwasinabettertune：Shallwe（saithhe）takegoodatGod’shands，andnotbecontenttotakeevilalso？Andsooffriendsinaproportion.

Thisiscertain，thatamanthatstudiethrevenge，keepshisownwoundsgreen，whichotherwisewouldheal，anddowell.Publicrevengesareforthemostpartfortunate;asthatforthedeathofCaesar;forthedeathofPertinax;forthedeathofHenrytheThirdofFrance;andmanymore.Butinprivaterevenges，itisnotso.Nayrather，vindic—

tivepersonslivethelifeofwitches;who，astheyaremischievous，soendtheyinfortunate.

OfAdversityOfAdversityITWASanhighspeechofSeneca（afterthemanneroftheStoics），thatthegoodthings，whichbelongtoprosperity，aretobewished;butthegoodthings，thatbelongtoadversity，aretobeadmired.Bonarerumsecundarumoptabilia;ad—

versarummirabilia.Certainlyifmiraclesbethecommandovernature，theyappearmostinadver—

sity.Itisyetahigherspeechofhis，thantheother（muchtoohighforaheathen），Itistruegreatness，tohaveinonethefrailtyofaman，andthesecurityofaGod.Veremagnumhaberefragilitatemhomi—

nis，securitatemDei.Thiswouldhavedonebetterinpoesy，wheretranscendencesaremoreallowed.

Andthepoetsindeedhavebeenbusywithit;foritisineffectthething，whichfiguredinthatstrangefictionoftheancientpoets，whichseemethnottobewithoutmystery;nay，andtohavesomeapproachtothestateofaChristian;thatHercules，whenhewenttounbindPrometheus（bywhomhumannatureisrepresented），sailedthelengthofthegreatocean，inanearthenpotorpitcher;livelydescribingChristianresolution，thatsailethinthefrailbarkoftheflesh，throughthewavesoftheworld.Buttospeakinamean.Thevirtueofpros—

perity，istemperance;thevirtueofadversity，isfortitude;whichinmoralsisthemoreheroicalvirtue.ProsperityistheblessingoftheOldTesta—

ment;adversityistheblessingoftheNew;whichcarrieththegreaterbenediction，andtheclearerrevelationofGod’sfavor.YetevenintheOldTestament，ifyoulistentoDavid’sharp，youshallhearasmanyhearse—likeairsascarols;andthepenciloftheHolyGhosthathlaboredmoreinde—

scribingtheafflictionsofJob，thanthefelicitiesofSolomon.Prosperityisnotwithoutmanyfearsanddistastes;andadversityisnotwithoutcom—

fortsandhopes.Weseeinneedle—worksandem—

broideries，itismorepleasingtohavealivelywork，uponasadandsolemnground，thantohaveadarkandmelancholywork，uponalightsomeground：

judgethereforeofthepleasureoftheheart，bythepleasureoftheeye.Certainlyvirtueislikepreciousodors，mostfragrantwhentheyareincensed，orcrushed：forprosperitydothbestdiscovervice，butadversitydothbestdiscovervirtue.

OfSimulationANDDISSIMULATION

OfSimulationANDDISSIMULATION

DISSIMULATIONisbutafaintkindofpol—

icy，orwisdom;foritaskethastrongwit，andastrongheart，toknowwhentotelltruth，andtodoit.Thereforeitistheweakersortofpolitics，thatarethegreatdissemblers.

Tacitussaith，Liviasortedwellwiththeartsofherhusband，anddissimulationofherson;attri—

butingartsorpolicytoAugustus，anddissimula—

tiontoTiberius.Andagain，whenMucianusencouragethVespasian，totakearmsagainstVitel—

lius，hesaith，WerisenotagainstthepiercingjudgmentofAugustus，northeextremecautionorclosenessofTiberius.Theseproperties，ofartsorpolicy，anddissimulationorcloseness，areindeedhabitsandfacultiesseveral，andtobedistin—

guished.Forifamanhavethatpenetrationofjudgment，ashecandiscernwhatthingsaretobelaidopen，andwhattobesecreted，andwhattobeshowedathalflights，andtowhomandwhen（whichindeedareartsofstate，andartsoflife，asTacituswellcalleththem），tohim，ahabitofdis—

simulationisahinderanceandapoorness.Butifamancannotobtaintothatjudgment，thenitislefttobimgenerally，tobeclose，andadissembler.

Forwhereamancannotchoose，orvaryinparti—

culars，thereitisgoodtotakethesafest，andwari—

estway，ingeneral;likethegoingsoftly，byonethatcannotwellsee.Certainlytheablestmenthateverwere，havehadallanopenness，andfrankness，ofdealing;andanameofcertaintyandveracity;butthentheywerelikehorseswellmanaged;fortheycouldtellpassingwell，whentostoporturn;andatsuchtimes，whentheythoughtthecaseindeedrequireddissimulation，ifthentheyusedit，itcametopassthattheformeropin—

ion，spreadabroad，oftheirgoodfaithandclear—

nessofdealing，madethemalmostinvisible.

Therebethreedegreesofthishidingandveil—

ingofaman’sself.Thefirst，closeness，reservation，andsecrecy;whenamanleavethhimselfwithoutobservation，orwithoutholdtobetaken，whatheis.Thesecond，dissimulation，inthenegative;

whenamanletsfallsignsandarguments，thatheisnot，thatheis.Andthethird，simulation，intheaffirmative;whenamanindustriouslyandex—

presslyfeignsandpretendstobe，thatheisnot.

Forthefirstofthese，secrecy;itisindeedthevirtueofaconfessor.Andassuredly，thesecretmanhearethmanyconfessions.Forwhowillopenhimself，toablaborababbler？Butifamanbethoughtsecret，itinvitethdiscovery;asthemorecloseairsuckethinthemoreopen;andasincon—

fession，therevealingisnotforworldlyuse，butfortheeaseofaman’sheart，sosecretmencometotheknowledgeofmanythingsinthatkind;whilemenratherdischargetheirminds，thanimparttheirminds.Infewwords，mysteriesareduetosecrecy.Besides（tosaytruth）nakednessisun—

comely，aswellinmindasbody;anditaddethnosmallreverence，tomen’smannersandactions，iftheybenotaltogetheropen.Asfortalkersandfutilepersons，theyarecommonlyvainandcredu—

louswithal.Forhethattalkethwhatheknoweth，willalsotalkwhatheknowethnot.Thereforesetitdown，thatanhabitofsecrecy，isbothpoliticandmoral.Andinthispart，itisgoodthataman’sfacegivehistongueleavetospeak.Forthediscoveryofaman’sself，bythetractsofhiscountenance，isagreatweaknessandbetraying;byhowmuchitismanytimesmoremarked，andbelieved，thanaman’swords.

Forthesecond，whichisdissimulation;itfol—

lowethmanytimesuponsecrecy，byanecessity;

sothathethatwillbesecret，mustbeadissemblerinsomedegree.Formenaretoocunning，tosufferamantokeepanindifferentcarriagebetweenboth，andtobesecret，withoutswayingthebal—

anceoneitherside.Theywillsobesetamanwithquestions，anddrawhimon，andpickitoutofhim，that，withoutanabsurdsilence，hemustshowaninclinationoneway;orifhedonot，theywillgatherasmuchbyhissilence，asbyhisspeech.Asforequivocations，ororaculousspeeches，theycan—

notholdoutlong.Sothatnomancanbesecret，excepthegivehimselfalittlescopeofdissimula—

tion;whichis，asitwere，buttheskirtsortrainofsecrecy.

Butforthethirddegree，whichissimulation，andfalseprofession;thatIholdmoreculpable，andlesspolitic;exceptitbeingreatandraremat—

ters.Andthereforeageneralcustomofsimulation（whichisthislastdegree）isavice，usingeitherofanaturalfalsenessorfearfulness，orofamindthathathsomemainfaults，whichbecauseamanmustneedsdisguise，itmakethhimpractisesimulationinotherthings，lesthishandshouldbeoutofuse.

Thegreatadvantagesofsimulationanddissi—

mulationarethree.First，tolayasleepopposition，andtosurprise.Forwhereaman’sintentionsarepublished，itisanalarum，tocallupallthatareagainstthem.Thesecondis，toreservetoaman’sselfafairretreat.Forifamanengagehimselfbyamanifestdeclaration，hemustgothroughortakeafall.Thethirdis，thebettertodiscoverthemindofanother.Fortohimthatopenshimself，menwillhardlyshowthemselvesadverse;butwillfairlethimgoon，andturntheirfreedomofspeech，tofreedomofthought.AndthereforeitisagoodshrewdproverboftheSpaniard，Tellalieandfindatroth.Asiftherewerenowayofdiscovery，butbysimulation.Therebealsothreedisadvantages，tosetiteven.Thefirst，thatsimulationanddissi—

mulationcommonlycarrywiththemashowoffearfulness，whichinanybusiness，dothspoilthefeathers，ofroundflyinguptothemark.Thesec—

ond，thatitpuzzlethandperplexeththeconceitsofmany，thatperhapswouldotherwiseco—operatewithhim;andmakesamanwalkalmostalone，tohisownends.Thethirdandgreatestis，thatitdeprivethamanofoneofthemostprincipalin—

strumentsforaction;whichistrustandbelief.

Thebestcompositionandtemperature，istohaveopennessinfameandopinion;secrecyinhabit;

dissimulationinseasonableuse;andapowertofeign，iftherebenoremedy.

OfParentsANDCHILDREN

OfParentsANDCHILDREN

THEjoysofparentsaresecret;andsoaretheirgriefsandfears.Theycannotuttertheone;

northeywillnotuttertheother.Childrensweetenlabors;buttheymakemisfortunesmorebitter.

Theyincreasethecaresoflife;buttheymitigatetheremembranceofdeath.Theperpetuitybygenerationiscommontobeasts;butmemory，merit，andnobleworks，arepropertomen.Andsurelyamanshallseethenoblestworksandfoun—

dationshaveproceededfromchildlessmen;whichhavesoughttoexpresstheimagesoftheirminds，wherethoseoftheirbodieshavefailed.Sothecareofposterityismostinthem，thathavenoposterity.

Theythatarethefirstraisersoftheirhouses，aremostindulgenttowardstheirchildren;beholdingthemasthecontinuance，notonlyoftheirkind，butoftheirwork;andsobothchildrenandcreatures.

Thedifferenceinaffection，ofparentstowardstheirseveralchildren，ismanytimesunequal;andsometimesunworthy;especiallyinthemothers;

asSolomonsaith，Awisesonrejoiceththefather，butanungracioussonshamesthemother.Amanshallsee，wherethereisahousefullofchildren，oneortwooftheeldestrespected，andtheyoung—

estmadewantons;butinthemidst，somethatareasitwereforgotten，whomanytimes，never—

theless，provethebest.Theilliberalityofparents，inallowancetowardstheirchildren，isanharmfulerror;makesthembase;acquaintsthemwithshifts;makesthemsortwithmeancompany;andmakesthemsurfeitmorewhentheycometoplenty.Andthereforetheproofisbest，whenmenkeeptheirauthoritytowardsthechildren，butnottheirpurse.Menhaveafoolishmanner（bothpar—

entsandschoolmastersandservants）increatingandbreedinganemulationbetweenbrothers，dur—

ingchildhood，whichmanytimessortethtodis—

cordwhentheyaremen，anddisturbethfamilies.

TheItaliansmakelittledifferencebetweenchil—

dren，andnephewsornearkinsfolks;butsotheybeofthelump，theycarenotthoughtheypassnotthroughtheirownbody.And，tosaytruth，innatureitismuchalikematter;insomuchthatweseeanephewsometimesresemblethanuncle，orakinsman，morethanhisownparent;asthebloodhappens.Letparentschoosebetimes，thevocationsandcoursestheymeantheirchildrenshouldtake;

forthentheyaremostflexible;andletthemnottoomuchapplythemselvestothedispositionoftheirchildren，asthinkingtheywilltakebesttothat，whichtheyhavemostmindto.Itistrue，thatiftheaffectionoraptnessofthechildrenbeextra—

ordinary，thenitisgoodnottocrossit;butgener—

allythepreceptisgood，optimumelige，suaveetfacileilludfacietconsuetudo.Youngerbrothersarecommonlyfortunate，butseldomorneverwheretheelderaredisinherited.

OfMarriageANDSINGLELIFE

OfMarriageANDSINGLELIFE

HETHAThathwifeandchildrenhathgivenhostagestofortune;fortheyareimpedi—

mentstogreatenterprises，eitherofvirtueormis—

chief.Certainlythebestworks，andofgreatestmeritforthepublic，haveproceededfromtheun—

marriedorchildlessmen;whichbothinaffectionandmeans，havemarriedandendowedthepublic.

Yetitweregreatreasonthatthosethathavechil—

dren，shouldhavegreatestcareoffuturetimes;

untowhichtheyknowtheymusttransmittheirdearestpledges.Somethereare，whothoughtheyleadasinglelife，yettheirthoughtsdoendwiththemselves，andaccountfuturetimesimperti—

nences.Nay，therearesomeother，thataccountwifeandchildren，butasbillsofcharges.Naymore，therearesomefoolishrichcovetousmen，thattakeapride，inhavingnochildren，becausetheymaybethoughtsomuchthericher.Forper—

hapstheyhaveheardsometalk，Suchanoneisagreatrichman，andanotherexcepttoit，Yea，buthehathagreatchargeofchildren;asifitwereanabatementtohisriches.Butthemostordinarycauseofasinglelife，isliberty，especiallyincertainself—pleasingandhumorousminds，whicharesosensibleofeveryrestraint，astheywillgoneartothinktheirgirdlesandgarters，tobebondsandshackles.Unmarriedmenarebestfriends，bestmasters，bestservants;butnotalwaysbestsub—

jects;fortheyarelighttorunaway;andalmostallfugitives，areofthatcondition.Asinglelifedothwellwithchurchmen;forcharitywillhardlywatertheground，whereitmustfirstfillapool.Itisindifferentforjudgesandmagistrates;foriftheybefacileandcorrupt，youshallhaveaser—

vant，fivetimesworsethanawife.Forsoldiers，I

findthegeneralscommonlyintheirhortatives，putmeninmindoftheirwivesandchildren;andIthinkthedespisingofmarriageamongsttheTurks，makeththevulgarsoldiermorebase.Cer—

tainlywifeandchildrenareakindofdisciplineofhumanity;andsinglemen，thoughtheymaybemanytimesmorecharitable，becausetheirmeansarelessexhaust，yet，ontheotherside，theyaremorecruelandhardhearted（goodtomakesevereinquisitors），becausetheirtendernessisnotsooftcalledupon.Gravenatures，ledbycustom，andthereforeconstant，arecommonlylovinghus—

bands，aswassaidofUlysses，vetulamsuampraetu—

litimmortalitati.Chastewomenareoftenproudandfroward，aspresuminguponthemeritoftheirchastity.Itisoneofthebestbonds，bothofchastityandobedience，inthewife，ifshethinkherhus—

bandwise;whichshewillneverdo，ifshefindhimjealous.Wivesareyoungmen’smistresses;com—

panionsformiddleage;andoldmen’snurses.Soasamanmayhaveaquarreltomarry，whenhewill.Butyethewasreputedoneofthewisemen，thatmadeanswertothequestion，whenamanshouldmarry，—Ayoungmannotyet，aneldermannotatall.Itisoftenseenthatbadhusbands，haveverygoodwives;whetheritbe，thatitraiseththepriceoftheirhusband’skindness，whenitcomes;orthatthewivestakeaprideintheirpatience.Butthisneverfails，ifthebadhusbandswereoftheirownchoosing，againsttheirfriends’

consent;forthentheywillbesuretomakegoodtheirownfolly.

OfEnvyOfEnvyTHEREbenoneoftheaffections，whichhavebeennotedtofascinateorbewitch，butloveandenvy.Theybothhavevehementwishes;theyframethemselvesreadilyintoimaginationsandsuggestions;andtheycomeeasilyintotheeye，especiallyuponthepresentoftheobjects;whicharethepointsthatconducetofascination，ifanysuchthingtherebe.Weseelikewise，theScripturecallethenvyanevileye;andtheastrologers，calltheevilinfluencesofthestars，evilaspects;sothatstillthereseemethtobeacknowledged，intheactofenvy，anejaculationorirradiationoftheeye.

Nay，somehavebeensocurious，astonote，thatthetimeswhenthestrokeorpercussionofanenvi—

ouseyedothmosthurt，arewhenthepartyenviedisbeheldingloryortriumph;forthatsetsanedgeuponenvy：andbesides，atsuchtimesthespiritsofthepersonenvied，docomeforthmostintotheoutwardparts，andsomeettheblow.

Butleavingthesecuriosities（thoughnotun—

worthytobethoughton，infitplace），wewillhandle，whatpersonsareapttoenvyothers;whatpersonsaremostsubjecttobeenviedthemselves;

andwhatisthedifferencebetweenpublicandprivateenvy.

Amanthathathnovirtueinhimself，everen—

viethvirtueinothers.Formen’sminds，willeitherfeedupontheirowngood，oruponothers’evil;andwhowanteththeone，willpreyupontheother;

andwhosoisoutofhope，toattaintoanother’svirtue，willseektocomeatevenhand，bydepress—

inganother’sfortune.

Amanthatisbusy，andinquisitive，iscom—

monlyenvious.Fortoknowmuchofothermen’smatters，cannotbebecauseallthatadomaycon—

cernhisownestate;thereforeitmustneedsbe，thathetakethakindofplay—pleasure，inlookinguponthefortunesofothers.Neithercanhe，thatmindethbuthisownbusiness，findmuchmatterforenvy.Forenvyisagaddingpassion，andwalk—

eththestreets，anddothnotkeephome：Nonestcuriosus，quinidemsitmalevolus.

Menofnoblebirth，arenotedtobeenvioustowardsnewmen，whentheyrise.Forthedistanceisaltered，anditislikeadeceitoftheeye，thatwhenotherscomeon，theythinkthemselves，goback.

Deformedpersons，andeunuchs，andoldmen，andbastards，areenvious.Forhethatcannotpos—

siblymendhisowncase，willdowhathecan，toimpairanother’s;exceptthesedefectslightuponaverybrave，andheroicalnature，whichthinkethtomakehisnaturalwantspartofhishonor;inthatitshouldbesaid，thataneunuch，oralameman，didsuchgreatmatters;affectingthehonorofamiracle;asitwasinNarsestheeunuch，andAgesi—

lausandTamberlanes，thatwerelamemen.

Thesameisthecaseofmen，thatriseafterca—

lamitiesandmisfortunes.Fortheyareasmenfallenoutwiththetimes;andthinkothermen’sharms，aredemptionoftheirownsufferings.

Theythatdesiretoexcelintoomanymatters，outoflevityandvainglory，areeverenvious.Fortheycannotwantwork;itbeingimpossible，butmany，insomeoneofthosethings，shouldsurpassthem.WhichwasthecharacterofAdriantheEm—

peror;thatmortallyenviedpoets，andpainters，andartificers，inworkswhereinhehadaveintoexcel.

Lastly，nearkinsfolks，andfellowsinoffice，andthosethathavebeenbredtogether，aremoreapttoenvytheirequals，whentheyareraised.Foritdothupbraiduntothemtheirownfortunes，andpointethatthem，andcomethoftenerintotheirremembrance，andincurrethlikewisemoreintothenoteofothers;andenvyeverredoublethfromspeechandfame.Cain’senvywasthemorevileandmalignant，towardshisbrotherAbel，becausewhenhissacrificewasbetteraccepted，therewasnobodytolookon.Thusmuchforthose，thatareapttoenvy.

Concerningthosethataremoreorlesssubjecttoenvy：First，personsofeminentvirtue，whentheyareadvanced，arelessenvied.Fortheirfor—

tuneseemeth，butdueuntothem;andnomanenvieththepaymentofadebt，butrewardsandliberalityrather.Again，envyiseverjoinedwiththecomparingofaman’sself;andwherethereisnocomparison，noenvy;andthereforekingsarenotenvied，butbykings.Neverthelessitistobenoted，thatunworthypersonsaremostenvied，attheirfirstcomingin，andafterwardsovercomeitbetter;whereascontrariwise，personsofworthandmeritaremostenvied，whentheirfortunecontinuethlong.Forbythattime，thoughtheirvirtuebethesame，yetithathnotthesamelustre;

forfreshmengrowupthatdarkenit.

Personsofnobleblood，arelessenviedintheirrising.Foritseemethbutrightdonetotheirbirth.

Besides，thereseemethnotmuchaddedtotheirfortune;andenvyisasthesunbeams，thatbeathotteruponabank，orsteeprisingground，thanuponaflat.Andforthesamereason，thosethatareadvancedbydegrees，arelessenviedthanthosethatareadvancedsuddenlyandpersaltum.

Thosethathavejoinedwiththeirhonorgreattravels，cares，orperils，arelesssubjecttoenvy.

Formenthinkthattheyearntheirhonorshardly，andpitythemsometimes;andpityeverhealethenvy.Whereforeyoushallobserve，thatthemoredeepandsobersortofpoliticpersons，intheirgreataess，areeverbemoaningthemselves，whatalifetheylead;chantingaquantapatimur！Notthattheyfeelitso，butonlytoabatetheedgeofenvy.Butthisistobeunderstood，ofbusinessthatislaiduponmen，andnotsuch，astheycalluntothemselves.Fornothingincreasethenvymore，thananunnecessaryandambitiousengrossingofbusiness.Andnothingdothextinguishenvymore，thanforagreatpersontopreserveallotherinfe—

riorofficers，intheirfulllightsandpre—eminencesoftheirplaces.Forbythatmeans，therebesomanyscreensbetweenhimandenvy.

Aboveall，thosearemostsubjecttoenvy，whichcarrythegreatnessoftheirfortunes，inaninsolentandproudmanner;beingneverwell，butwhiletheyareshowinghowgreattheyare，eitherbyoutwardpomp，orbytriumphingoverallopposi—

tionorcompetition;whereaswisemenwillratherdosacrificetoenvy，insufferingthemselvessome—

timesofpurposetobecrossed，andoverborneinthingsthatdonotmuchconcernthem.Notwith—

standing，somuchistrue，thatthecarriageofgreatness，inaplainandopenmanner（soitbewithoutarrogancyandvainglory）dothdrawlessenvy，thanifitbeinamorecraftyandcunningfashion.Forinthatcourse，amandothbutdis—

avowfortune;andseemethtobeconsciousofhisownwantinworth;anddothbutteachothers，toenvyhim.

Lastly，toconcludethispart;aswesaidinthebeginning，thattheactofenvyhadsomewhatinitofwitchcraft，sothereisnoothercureofenvy，butthecureofwitchcraft;andthatis，toremovethelot（astheycallit）andtolayituponanother.

Forwhichpurpose，thewisersortofgreatpersons，bringineveruponthestagesomebodyuponwhomtoderivetheenvy，thatwouldcomeuponthem—

selves;sometimesuponministersandservants;

sometimesuponcolleaguesandassociates;andthelike;andforthatturnthereareneverwanting，somepersonsofviolentandundertakingnatures，who，sotheymayhavepowerandbusiness，willtakeitatanycost.

Now，tospeakofpublicenvy.Thereisyetsomegoodinpublicenvy，whereasinprivate，thereisnone.Forpublicenvy，isasanostracism，thateclipsethmen，whentheygrowtoogreat.Andthereforeitisabridlealsotogreatones，tokeepthemwithinbounds.

Thisenvy，beingintheLatinwordinvidia，goethinthemodernlanguage，bythenameofdiscontentment;ofwhichweshallspeak，inhand—

lingsedition.Itisadisease，inastate，liketoinfec—

tion.Forasinfectionspreadethuponthatwhichissound，andtaintethit;sowhenenvyisgottenonceintoastate，ittraducetheventhebestactionsthereof，andturneththemintoanillodor.Andthereforethereislittlewon，byinterminglingofplausibleactions.Forthatdotharguebutaweak—

ness，andfearofenvy，whichhurtethsomuchthemore，asitislikewiseusualininfections;whichifyoufearthem，youcallthemuponyou.

Thispublicenvy，seemethtobeatchieflyuponprincipalofficersorministers，ratherthanuponkings，andestatesthemselves.Butthisisasurerule，thatiftheenvyupontheministerbegreat，whenthecauseofitinhimissmall;oriftheenvybegeneral，inamanneruponalltheministersofanestate;thentheenvy（thoughhidden）istrulyuponthestateitself.Andsomuchofpublicenvyordiscontentment，andthedifferencethereoffromprivateenvy，whichwashandledinthefirstplace.

Wewilladdthisingeneral，touchingtheaffec—

tionofenvy;thatofallotheraffections，itisthemostimportuneandcontinual.Forofotheraffec—

tions，thereisoccasiongiven，butnowandthen;

andthereforeitwaswellsaid，Invidiafestosdiesnonagit：foritiseverworkinguponsomeorother.

Anditisalsonoted，thatloveandenvydomakeamanpine，whichotheraffectionsdonot，becausetheyarenotsocontinual.Itisalsothevilestaffec—

tion，andthemostdepraved;forwhichcauseitistheproperattributeofthedevil，whoiscalled，theenviousman，thatsowethtaresamongstthewheatbynight;asitalwayscomethtopass，thatenvyworkethsubtilly，andinthedark，andtotheprejudiceofgoodthings，suchasisthewheat.

OfLoveOfLoveTHEstageismorebeholdingtolove，thanthelifeofman.Forastothestage，loveisevermatterofcomedies，andnowandthenoftragedies;

butinlifeitdothmuchmischief;sometimeslikeasiren，sometimeslikeafury.Youmayobserve，thatamongstallthegreatandworthypersons（whereofthememoryremaineth，eitherancientorrecent）

thereisnotone，thathathbeentransportedtothemaddegreeoflove：whichshowsthatgreatspirits，andgreatbusiness，dokeepoutthisweakpassion.Youmustexcept，nevertheless，MarcusAntonius，thehalfpartneroftheempireofRome，andAppiusClaudius，thedecemvirandlawgiver;

whereoftheformerwasindeedavoluptuousman，andinordinate;butthelatterwasanaustereandwiseman：andthereforeitseems（thoughrarely）

thatlovecanfindentrance，notonlyintoanopenheart，butalsointoaheartwellfortified，ifwatchbenotwellkept.ItisapoorsayingofEpicurus，Satismagnumalteralteritheatrumsumus;

asifman，madeforthecontemplationofheaven，andallnobleobjects，shoulddonothingbutkneelbe—

forealittleidol，andmakehimselfasubject，thoughnotofthemouth（asbeastsare），yetoftheeye;whichwasgivenhimforhigherpurposes.Itisastrangething，tonotetheexcessofthispassion，andhowitbravesthenature，andvalueofthings，bythis;thatthespeakinginaperpetualhyper—

bole，iscomelyinnothingbutinlove.Neitherisitmerelyinthephrase;forwhereasithathbeenwellsaid，thatthearch—flatterer，withwhomallthepettyflatterershaveintelligence，isaman’sself;certainlytheloverismore.Fortherewasneverproudmanthoughtsoabsurdlywellofhim—

self，astheloverdothofthepersonloved;andthereforeitwaswellsaid，Thatitisimpossibletolove，andtobewise.Neitherdoththisweaknessappeartoothersonly，andnottothepartyloved;

buttothelovedmostofall，exceptthelovebereci—

proque.Foritisatruerule，thatloveiseverre—

warded，eitherwiththereciproque，orwithaninwardandsecretcontempt.Byhowmuchthemore，menoughttobewareofthispassion，whichlosethnotonlyotherthings，butitself！Asfortheotherlosses，thepoet’srelationdothwellfigurethem：thathethatpreferredHelena，quittedthegiftsofJunoandPallas.Forwhosoeveresteemethtoomuchofamorousaffection，quittethbothrichesandwisdom.Thispassionhathhisfloods，inverytimesofweakness;whicharegreatprosperity，andgreatadversity;thoughthislatterhathbeenlessobserved：bothwhichtimeskindlelove，andmakeitmorefervent，andthereforeshowittobethechildoffolly.Theydobest，whoiftheycannotbutadmitlove，yetmakeitkeepquarters;andseveritwhollyfromtheirseriousaffairs，andactions，oflife;forifitcheckoncewithbusiness，ittroublethmen’sfortunes，andmakethmen，thattheycannowaysbetruetotheirownends.Iknownothow，butmartialmenaregiventolove：Ithink，itisbutastheyaregiventowine;forperilscommonlyasktobepaidinpleasures.Thereisinman’snature，asecretinclinationandmotion，towardsloveofothers，whichifitbenotspentuponsomeoneorafew，dothnaturallyspreaditselftowardsmany，andmakethmenbecomehumaneandcharitable;

asitisseensometimeinfriars.Nuptiallovemakethmankind;friendlyloveperfectethit;butwantonlovecorrupteth，andembasethit.

OfGreatPlaceOfGreatPlaceMENingreatplacearethriceservants：ser—

vantsofthesovereignorstate;servantsoffame;andservantsofbusiness.Soastheyhavenofreedom;neitherintheirpersons，norintheirac—

tions，norintheirtimes.Itisastrangedesire，toseekpowerandtoloseliberty：ortoseekpoweroverothers，andtolosepoweroveraman’sself.

Therisinguntoplaceislaborious;andbypains，mencometogreaterpains;anditissometimesbase;andbyindignities，mencometodignities.

Thestandingisslippery，andtheregressiseitheradownfall，oratleastaneclipse，whichisamelan—

cholything.Cumnonsisquifueris，nonessecurvelisvivere.Nay，retiremencannotwhentheywould，neitherwillthey，whenitwerereason;butareimpatientofprivateness，eveninageandsick—

ness，whichrequiretheshadow;likeoldtowns—

men，thatwillbestillsittingattheirstreetdoor，thoughtherebytheyofferagetoscom.Certainlygreatpersonshadneedtoborrowothermen’sopinions，tothinkthemselveshappy;foriftheyjudgebytheirownfeeling，theycannotfindit;butiftheythinkwiththemselves，whatothermenthinkofthem，andthatothermenwouldfainbe，astheyare，thentheyarehappy，asitwere，byreport;whenperhapstheyfindthecontrarywithin.Fortheyarethefirst，thatfindtheirowngriefs，thoughtheybethelast，thatfindtheirownfaults.Certainlymeningreatfortunesarestrangerstothemselves，andwhiletheyareinthepuzzleofbusiness，theyhavenotimetotendtheirhealth，eitherofbodyormind.Illimorsgravisincubat，quinotusnimisomnibus，ignotusmoritursibi.Inplace，thereislicensetodogood，andevil;

whereofthelatterisacurse：forinevil，thebestconditionisnottowin;thesecond，nottocan.Butpowertodogood，isthetrueandlawfulendofaspiring.Forgoodthoughts（thoughGodacceptthem）yet，towardsmen，arelittlebetterthangooddreams，excepttheybeputinact;andthatcannotbe，withoutpowerandplace，asthevantage，andcommandingground.Meritandgoodworks，istheendofman’smotion;andconscienceofthesameistheaccomplishmentofman’srest.ForifamancanbepartakerofGod’stheatre，heshalllike—

wisebepartakerofGod’srest.EtconversusDeus，utaspiceretoperaquaefeceruntmanussuae，viditquodomniaessentbonanimis;andthenthesab—

bath.Inthedischargeofthyplace，setbeforetheethebestexamples;forimitationisaglobeofpre—