第3章

LETTER：ToW。D。B。

LONDON，December30，1847

DearW。：Yourfatherleftmeonthe18thtogotoParis。Thisisthebestofallseasonsforhimtobethere，fortheMinistersarealloutoftownatChristmas，andinPariseverythingisatitsheight。Myfriendsareverykindtome——thosewhoremainintown……OnedayIdinedatSirFrancisSimpkinson’sandfoundapleasantparty。LadySimpkinsonisasisterofLadyFranklin，whomIwasverygladtomeet，asshehasbeeninAmericaandknowsmanyAmericans，Mrs。Kirklandforone……ThenIhavepassedoneeveningforthefirsttimeatMr。Tagent’s，theUnitarianclergyman，whereImetmanyoftheliterarypeoplewhoareoutofthegreatworld，andyetverydesirabletosee。

There，too，ImettheMissesCushman，CharlotteandSusan，whoattendhischurch。Iwasverymuchpleasedwithbothofthem。I

haveneverseenthemplay，buttheywillsendmealistoftheirpartsattheirnextengagementandIshallcertainlygotohearthem。TheyareofOldColonydescent（fromElderCushman），andhaveverymuchoftheNewEnglandcharacter，culture，andgoodsense。OnMondayIdinedatSirEdwardCodrington’s，theheroofNavarino，withtheMarquisandMarchionessofQueensberry，andapartyofadmiralsandnavyofficers。OnTuesdayIdinedatLadyBraye’s，wherewereMr。Rogers，Dr。Holland，SirAugustusandLadyAlbiniaFoster，formerlyBritishMinistertotheUnitedStates。HecoulddescribeOURCOURT，ashecalledit，inthetimeofMadisonandMonroe。

January1，1848

Thisevening，inadditiontomyusualmorningletterfromyourfather，Ihaveanother；anewpostalarrangementbeginningto—daywiththeNewYear。HegivesmeamostinterestingconversationhehasjustbeenhavingwithBaronvonHumboldt，whoisnowinParis。

Hesayshepouredoutadeliciousstreamofremarks，anecdotes，narratives，opinion。HefeelsgreatinterestinourMexicanaffairs，ashehasbeenmuchthere，andisaMexicanbyadoption。

Hisletter，datedthe31stDecember，says：\"MadamAdelaidediedatthreethismorning。\"Thisdeathastonishedme，forhesawheronlyafeweveningssinceatthePalace。Shewasawomanofstrongintellectandcharacter，andherbrother，theKing，wasverymuchattachedtoherasacounsellorandfriend……Thereweremorethan100AmericanstobepresentedonNewYear’sDayatParis，and，asMadamAdelaide’sdeathtookplacewithoutaday’swarning，youcanimaginetheembroideredcoatsandfinerywhichwerelaidontheshelf。

Saturday，January7thYesterday，mydearson，IhadadelightfuldinneratthedearMissBerrys。TheydrovetothedooronThursdayandleftalittlenotetosay，\"Canyouforgiveapoorsicksoulfornotcomingtoyoubefore，whenyouwereallalone，\"andbeggingmetocomethenextdayatseven，todine。TherewasLadyCharlotteandLadyStuartdeRothesay，whowasmanyyearsambassadressatParis，andveryagreeable。ThentherewasDr。HollandandMr。Stanley，theunder—

SecretaryofState，etc。Intheeveningcamequiteanadditionalparty，andIpasseditmostpleasantly……YourfatherwritesthatonFridayhedinedatThiers’withMignet，Cousin，Pontois，andLordNormanby。Hesayssuchadinneris\"uniqueinaman’slife。\"

\"Mignetisdelightful，frank，open，gay，fullofintelligence，andofthatgracewhichmakessocietycharming。\"……Yourfatherto—

daygivesmesomeaccountofThiers。Heisnowfifty：herisesatfiveo’clockeverymorning，toilstilltwelve，breakfasts，makesresearches，andthengoestotheChambers。IntheeveninghealwaysreceiveshisfriendsexceptWednesdaysandThursdays，whenheattendshiswifetotheoperaandtotheAcademie。

LETTER：ToMr。andMrs。I。P。D。

LONDON，January28th，1848

MydearUncleandAunt：……LastMondayIreceived[this]notefromGeorgeSumner，whichIthoughtmightinterestyou：\"MydearMrs。Bancroft：IhastentocongratulateyouuponaneventmosthonorabletoMr。Bancroftandtoourcountry。ThehighesthonorwhichcanbebestowedinFranceuponaforeignerhasjustbeenconferredonhim。HewaschosenthisafternoonaCorrespondingMemberoftheInstitute。FivenameswerepresentedforthevacantchairofHistory。EveryvotebutonewasinfavorofMr。Bancroft（thatoneforMr。GroteofLondon，authorofthe’HistoryofGreece’）。AgratifyingfactinregardtothiselectionisthatitcomeswithouttheknowledgeofMr。Bancroft，andwithoutanyofthosepreliminaryvisitsonhispart，andthoseappealstoacademicianswhosevotesaredesired，thataresocommonwithcandidatesforvacanciesattheInstitute。Thehonoracquiresdoublevalueforbeingunsought，andIhaveheardwithnosmallsatisfactionseveralMembersoftheAcademycontrastthemodestreserveofMr。Bancroftwiththerestlessmanoeuvrestowhichtheyhavebeenaccustomed。Prescott，youknow，isalreadyamember，andIthinkAmericamaybesatisfiedwithtwooutofsevenofaclassofHistorywhichisselectedfromtheworld。\"

LETTER：ToT。D。

LONDON，February24，1848

MydearBrother：……GreatexcitementexistsinLondonto—dayatthereceptionofthenewsfromFrance。Guizotisoverthrown，andCountMoleismadePrimeMinister。TheNationalGuardshavesidedwiththepeople，andwouldnotfireuponthem，andthatsecretoftheweaknessofthearmybeingrevealed，IdonotseewhytheLiberalpartycannotobtainalltheywantintheend。LouisPhilippehassacrificedthehappinessofFrancefortheadvancementofhisownfamily，butnationsinthenineteenth[century]havelearnedthattheywerenotmadetobetheslavesofadynasty。Mr。

BancroftdineswiththeFrenchMinisterto—day，notwithaparty，butquiteENFAMILLE，andhewilllearntherewhatthehopesandfearsoftheGovernmentare。

February25thThenewsthismorningisonlyfromAmiens，whichhasriseninsupportofFrance。TherailwaysaretornupallroundParis，topreventthepassageoftroops，andtheroadsandbarriersareallinpossessionofthepeople。AllFrancewillfollowtheleadofParis，andwhatwillbetheresultHeavenonlyknows。

LETTER：ToI。P。D。

LONDON，February26，1848

MydearUncle：……OnThursdayMr。BancroftdinedwithCountJarnac，theMinisterintheDucdeBroglie’sabsence，andhelittledreamedoftheblowawaitinghim。ThefortificationsandthearmyseemedtomaketheKingquitesecure。OnFridayMr。BancroftwenttodinewithKenyon，andIdrovetherewithhimforalittleair。

OnmyreturnCates，thebutler，salutedmewiththewondrousnewsofthedepositionandflightoftheroyalfamily，whichMr。Brodheadhadrushedupfromhisclubtoimparttous。IwasengagedtoalittlepartyatMr。Hallam’s，whereIfoundeverybodyingreatexcitement。

SundayNoonTo—dayweweretohavedinedwithBarondeRothschild，butthismorningIgotanotefromthebeautifulbaroness，sayingthathersister—in—lawandhermotherwiththreechildren，hadjustarrivedfromParisatherhouseinthegreatestdistress，withoutachangeofclothes，andindeepanxietyabouttheBaron，whohadstayedbehind。

Ourcolleaguesalllookbewilderedandperplexedbeyondmeasure……TheEnglisharistocracyhavenoloveforLouisPhilippe，butmuchlessforarepublic，sonearathand，andeverybodyseemedperplexedanduneasy。

TuesdayOnSundaytheDucdeNemoursarrivedattheFrenchEmbassy，andMondaythepoorDuchessdeMontpensier，theinnocentcauseofallthetrouble。NooneknowswheretheDuchessdeNemoursandheryoungchildrenare，andtheKingandQueenareentirelymissing。Atonemomentitisreportedthatheisdrowned，andthen，again，atBrussels。

WednesdayTo—daytheFrenchEmbassyhavereceiveddespatchesannouncingthenewgovernment，andCountJarnachasimmediatelyresigned。ThismadeitimpossiblefortheDucdeNemoursandtheDuchessdeMontpensiertoremainattheEmbassy，andtheyfellbyinheritancetoMr。VandeWeyer，whoseQueenisLouisPhilippe’sdaughter。TheQueenhastakenLouisPhilippe’sdaughter，PrincessClementine，whomarriedPrinceAugustedeSaxe—CoburgtothePalace，butforStatePolicy’ssakeshecandonothingabouttheothers。Mr。VandeWeyerofferedMr。Bates’splaceofEastSheen，whichwasmostgratefullyaccepted。

FridayThismorningcameThackeray，whoisthesoulofPUNCH，andshowedmeapiecehehadwrittenforthenextnumber。

SaturdayTheKinghasarrived。WhatacrossingoftheChannel，pea—jacket，woollencomforter，andall!Theflightisaperfectcomedy，andifPUNCHhadtriedtoinventanythingmoreludicrous，itwouldhavefailed。Panic，despotism，andcowardice。

Thesethingsaremuchmoreexcitingherethanacrossthewater。Wearesonearthesceneofactionandeverybodyhasamorepersonalinteresthereinallthesematters。Thewholeweekhasbeenlikealongplay，andnow，onSaturdaynight，Iwantnothingbutrepose。

Whatadreamitmustbetothechiefactors!TheQueen，whoisalwaysgoodandnoble，wasaversetosuchignominiousflight；shepreferredstayingandtakingwhatcame，andifMadamAdelaidehadlived，theywouldneverhavemadesucha[wordundecipherable]

figure。Herprideandcouragewouldhaveinspiredthem。WithherseemedtoflyLouisPhilippe’sstar，asNapoleon’swithJosephine……Mr。EmersonhasjustcometoLondonandwegivehimadinneronTuesday，the14th。Severalpersonswishmuchtoseehim，andMoncktonMilnesreviewedhiminBLACKWOOD。

LETTER：ToW。D。B。

LONDON，March11，1848

DearW。：……YesterdaywedinedatLordLansdowne’s。AmongtheguestswereM。andMadamVandeWeyer，andMrs。Austin，thetranslatress，whohasbeendrivenoverherefromParis，whereshehasresidedforseveralyears。SheisavehementfriendofGuizot’s，thoughabitteraccuserofLouisPhilippe，buthowcantheybeseparated？Sheinterestsherselfstronglynowinallhisarrangements，andisassistinghisdaughterstoformtheirhumbleestablishment。Heandhisdaughterstogetherhaveabouteighthundredpoundsayear，andthatinLondonispoverty。TheyhavetakenasmallhouseinBromptonSquare，alittleoutoftown，andoneofthosesuburban，unfashionableregionswherethemostaccommodationscanbehadattheleastprice。WhatachangeforthosewhohavewitnessedtheiralmostregalreceptionsinParis!

Theyoungladiesbearverysweetlyalltheirreverses……Guizot，himself，Ihear，isasFIERasever，andalmostgay。PrincessdeLievenishereatthe\"Clarendon，\"andtheirfriendshipisasgreatasever。

March15thYesterdaywehadanagreeabledinneratourownhouse。Macaulay，Milman，LordMorpethandMoncktonMilneswereallmostcharming，andweladieslistenedwitheagerears。Conversationwasnevermoreinterestingthanjustnow，inthisgreatcrisisoftheworld’saffairs。Mr。Emersonwashereandseemedtoenjoy[it]much。

Friday，March17thThingslookratherdarkerinFrance，butweoughtnottoexpectarepublictobeestablishedwithoutsomedifficulties……YoucannotjudgeofthestateofFrance，however，throughthemediumoftheEnglishnewspapers，for，ofcourse，Englishsympathiesareallentirelyagainstit。TheyneverlikeFrance，andarepublicofanykindstillless。ApeacefulandprosperousrepublicintheheartofEuropewouldbemoredeprecatedthanastateofanarchy。ThediscussionofFrenchmattersrevealstomeeverymomentthedeeprepugnanceoftheEnglishtorepublicaninstitutions。Itletsinaworldoflightuponopinionsandfeelings，which，otherwise，wouldnothavebeendiscoveredbyme。

Sunday，March19thYesterdaywebreakfastedatMrs。Milman’s。Iwastheonlylady，buttherewereMacaulay，Hallam，LordMorpeth，and，aboveall，CharlesAustin，whomIhadnotseenbefore，asheneverdinesout，butwhoisthemoststrikingtalkerinEngland。Hehasmadeafortunebythelawinthelastfewyears，whichgiveshimanincomeof8，000

pounds。HehasthegreatrailroadcaseswhichcomebeforetheHouseofLords……OnTuesdaycameaflyingreportofarevolutioninBerlin，butnoonebelievedit。Weconcludeditratheraspeculationofthenewsmen，whoarehawkingrevolutionsaftereverymailinsecondandthirdeditions。WeweregoingthateveningtoaSOIREEatBunsen’s，whomwefoundcheerfulaseverandfearingnoevil。OnMondaythenewsoftherevolutioninAustriaproducedagreatersensationeventhanFrance，foritwastheverypivotofconservatism……OnThursdayIreceivedtheletterfromA。ateightA。M。，whichIenclosetoyou。ItgivesanaccountoftherevolutioninBerlin。

LETTER：ToT。D。

March31

Theoldworldisundergoingacompletereorganization，andisunfoldingarapidseriesofeventsmoreastonishingthananythinginhistory。Whereitwillstop，andwhatwillbeitsresults，nobodycantell。Royaltyhascertainlynotaddedtoitsrespectabilitybyitsconductinitstimeoftrial。Sincethelaststeamerwent，ItalyhasshakenofftheAustrianyoke，DenmarkhaslostherGermanprovinces，Polandhasrisen，orisabouttorise，whichwillbringRussiathunderingdownuponLiberalEurope……OurwholeDiplomaticCorpsarecertainly\"inafix，\"andwearereallytheonlymembersofitwhohaveanyreasontobequiteatease。TwoorthreehavebeencalledhometobeMinistersofForeignAffairs，astheyhavelearnedsomethingofconstitutionallibertyinEngland。

Englandis，asyet，allquiet，andIhopewillkeepso，buttheChartistsareatworkandIrelandisfullofinflammablematter。

ButEnglanddoesloveherinstitutions，andisjustlyproudoftheircomparativefreedom，andlongmaysheenjoythem……OnSundayMr。EmersondinedwithuswithLadyMorganandMrs。Jameson——theauthoress。OnMondayItookhimtoalittlepartyatLadyMorgan’s。

Hisworksareagooddealknownhere。Ihavegreatpleasureinseeingsooldafriendsofarfromhome……Ithinkweshallhaveveryfewofourcountrymenoutthisspring，astravellingEuropeissouncertain，witheverythingincommotion。ThosewhoarepassingthewinterinItalyarequiteshutinatpresent，andifwarbegins，nooneknowswhereitwillspread。

LETTER：ToW。D。B。

LONDON，April7，1848……OnWednesdaywehadanagreeabledinneratMrs。MilnerGibson’s。Mr。andMrs。Disraeli，Mr。andMrs。Sheridan（brotherofMrs。Norton），etc。，wereamongtheguests。AfterdinnerIhadaverylongtalkwithDisraeli。Heis，youknow，oftheultraTorypartyhere，andlooksattheContinentalmovementsfromthedarkestpointofview。HecannotadmitasapossibilitytherenovationofEuropeansocietyuponmoreliberalprinciples，andconsidersitasthecompletedissolutionofEuropeancivilizationwhichwill，likeAsia，soonpresentbuttheashesofaburnt—outflame。Thisismostatheistic，godless，andun—christiandoctrine，andhecannothimselfbelieveit。Theartofprintingandtherapiddisseminationofthoughtchangesallthesethingsinourdays。

LETTER：ToI。P。D。

April10

Thisisthedayofthe\"GreatChartistMeeting，\"whichhasterrifiedallLondontothelastdegree，Ithinkmostneedlessly。ThecityandtownisatthismomentstillerthanIhaveeverknownit，fornotacarriagedarestobeout。Nothingistobeseenbuta\"specialconstable\"（everygentlemaninLondonisswornintothatoffice），occasionallysomeonfoot，someonhorseback，scouringthestreets。ItookadriveearlythismorningwithMr。Bancroft，andnothingcouldbelessliketheeveofarevolution。Thisevening，whenthepetitionistobepresented，maybringsomedisturbance，notfromtheChartiststhemselves，butfromthedisorderlypersonswhomayavailthemselvesoftheoccasion。TheQueenlefttownonSaturdayfortheIsleofWight，asshehadsolatelybeenconfineditwasfearedherhealthmightsufferfromanyagitation……I

passedalongtrainofartilleryonSaturdayeveningcomingintotown，whichwasthemostearnestlookingthingIhaveseen……

To—dayweweretohavedinedatMrs。Mansfield’s，butherdinnerwaspostponedfromthegreatalarmabouttheChartists。ThereisnottheslightestdangerofarevolutioninEngland。Theuppermiddle—

class，whichonthecontinentisentirelywiththepeople，theprofessionalandmercantileclass，ishereentirelyconservative，andwithoutthatclassnogreatchangescaneverbemade。TheDucdeMontebellosaidofFrance，thathe\"knewtherewerelavastreamsbelow，buthedidnotknowthecrustwassothin。\"Here，onthecontrary，thecrustisverythick。AndyetIcanseeinthemostconservativecirclesthatafeelingisgaininggroundthatsomeconcessionsmustbemade。Anenlargementofthesuffrageonehearsnowoftendiscussedas，perhaps，anapproachingnecessity。

Friday，April14

ThedayoftheChartistspassedoffwithmostridiculousquiet，andthegovernmentisstrongerthanever……IftheAlienBillpasses，ourAmericanfriendsmustmindtheirp’sandq’s，foriftheypraisethe\"modelrepublic\"tooloudly，theymaybepackedoffatanytime，particularlyiftheyhave\"longbeards，\"foritseemstobeanaxiomherethatbeards，mustaches，andbarricadesarecousins—germanatleast……Mr。BancroftgoestoParisonMonday，the17th，topasstheEasterholidays。Hewillgoonwithhismanuscripts，andatthesametimewitnesstheelectionsandmeetingoftheConvention。

LETTER：ToW。D。B。

LONDON，April19，1848

DearW。：……To—dayIhavedrivendowntoRichmondtolunchwithMrs。Drummond，whoispassingEasterholidaysthere。OncominghomeIfoundaletterfromMr。BancroftfromwhichIwillmakesomeextracts，ashehasthebestsourcesofknowledgeinParis。\"ThenI

wenttoMignet，who，youknow，ispoliticallythefriendofThiers。

HepointedouttometheconditionofFrance，anddrewformeapictureofwhatitwasandofthechange。IbegintoseethedifferencebetweenFranceandus。HeretheyareaccustomedtoBE

governed。WEareaccustomedtoGOVERN。HEREpowermaybeseizedandexercised，ifexercisedinasatisfactorymanner；withusthefoundationofpower，itsconstitutionalityandthelegalityofitsactsarecanvassedandanalyzed。Hereanunpopularityismadeawaywithbyarevolution，andyouknowhowWEdealwithit。Thus，power，ifinfavor，maydareanything，andifoutoffavorislittlelikelytobeforgiven。\"……\"OurfathershadtounitethethirteenStates；heretheyhaveunityenoughandrunnoriskbutfromtheexcessofit。Myhopesarenotlessthantheywere，butallthatFranceneedsmaynotcomeatonce。Wewerefourteenyearsinchangingourconfederationintoaunion，perhapsFrancecannotbeexpectedtojumpatonceintoperfectlegislationorperfectforms。

Crudeideasareafloat，butastoCommunism，itisalreadyexploded，orwillbebrushedawayfromlegislativepowerassoonastheNationalAssemblymeets，thoughthequestionofamelioratingtheconditionofthelaboringclassismoreandmoreengagingthepublicmind。\"……\"IspentanhourwithCousin，theMinisterofamorning。Hegavemesketchesofmanyoftheleadingmenofthesetimes，andImadehimdetailtomehesceneofLouisPhilippe’sabdication，whichtookplaceinamannerquitedifferentfromwhatI

hadheardinLondon。\"……\"Cousin，bytheway，saysthattheDucdeNemoursthroughout，behavedexceedinglywell。ThencetotheClubdelaNouvelleRepublique。DidnotthinkmuchofthespeakingwhichIheard。FromtheclubIwenttoThiers，whereIfoundCousinandMignetandoneortwomore。SomechangesinceImethim。Aleaderofopposition，thenaprimeminister，andnowleftagroundbytheshiftingtide。\"……\"EverybodyhasgivenupLouisPhilippe，everybodyconsidersthenonsenseofLouisBlancasdrawingtoitsclose。ThedelegatesfromPariswillfullhalfbeUNIVERSALLY

acceptable。Three—fourthsoftheprovincialdelegateswillbeMODERATErepublicans。Thepeoplearenotinapassion。Theygoquietlyenoughabouttheirbusinessofconstructingnewinstitutions。Ledru—Rollin，LouisBlanc，andFlocontriedtoleadthewaytoill，butLamartine，whoseheroismpassesbeliefandactivitypasseshumanpower，wonthevictoryoverthem，foundhimselfonSunday，andagainyesterday，sustainedbyallParis，andhasnotonlyconqueredbutCONCILIATEDthem，andeverybodyisnowfirmlyofopinionthattheRepublicwillbeestablishedquietly。\"……\"Butwhiletherearenodifficultiesfromthedisorderlybutwhatcaneasilybeovercome，thewantofrepublicanandpoliticalexperience，combinedwithvanityandself—relianceandidealism，maythrowimpedimentsinthewayofwhatthewisestwish，VIZ。，twoelectedchambersandapresident。\"

LETTER：ToW。D。B。

LONDON，May5，1848

MydearW。：……Lastevening，Thursday，wewenttoseeJennyLind，onherfirstappearancethisyear。Shewasreceivedwithenthusiasm，andtheQueenstillmoreso。ItwasthefirsttimetheQueenhadbeenattheoperasincethebirthofherchild，andsincetherepublicanspiritwasabroad，andloyaltyburstoutinfullforce。Nowloyaltyisverynovel，andpleasanttowitness，touswhohaveneverknownit。

LONDON，May31，1848……Nowformyjournal，whichhasgonelamelyonsincethe24thofFebruary。TheQueen’sBallwastotakeplacetheeveningonwhichI

closedmylastletter。Mydresswasawhitecrepeoverwhitesatin，withflouncesofHonitonlaceloopedupwithpinktuberoses。A

wreathoftuberosesandbouquetforthecorsage。Wehadticketssentustogothroughthegardenandsetdownataprivatedoor，whichsaveswaitinginthelonglineofcarriagesforyourturn。

TheDiplomaticCorpsarrangethemselvesinalinenearthedooratwhichtheQueenentersthesuiteofrooms，whichwasattenprecisely。Shepassesthrough，curtseyingandbowingverygracefully，untilshereachesthethroneinthenextroom，wheresheandtheDuchessofCambridge，theDuchessofSaxe—Weimarandherdaughters，whoarehereonavisit，etc。，sitdown，whilePrinceAlbert，thePrinceofPrussiaandothersprigsofroyaltystandnear。Thedancingsoonbeganinfrontofthecanopy，buttheQueenherselfdidnotdanceonaccountofhermourningforPrinceAlbert’sgrandmother。Therewasanotherbandanddancinginotherroomsatthesametime。AfterseeingseveraldancesheretheQueenandhersuitemovebytheflourishoftrumpetstoanotherroom，theguestsformingalaneasshepasses，bowingandsmiling。Afterwardshemadeasimilarprogresstosupper，herhouseholdofficersmovingbackwardsbeforeher，andherladiesandroyalrelativesandfriendsfollowing。Athalf—pastoneHerMajestyretiredandtheguestsdeparted，suchasdidnothavetowaittwohoursfortheircarriages。OnSaturdaywewentattwototheFETEofflowersatChiswick，andathalf—pastsevendinedatLordMonteagle’stomeetMonsieurandMademoiselleGuizot。Hehasthefinestheadintheworld，buthispersonisshortandinsignificant。

OnWednesdaywedinedatLadyChantrey’stomeetacharmingparty。

AfterwardwewenttoamagnificentballattheDukeofDevonshire’s，withallthegreatworld。OnFridaywewenttoFaraday’slectureattheRoyalInstitution。WewentinwiththeDukeandDuchessofNorthumberland，andIsatbyherduringthelecture。OnSaturdaywastheQueen’sBirthdayDrawing—Room……Mr。BancroftdinedatLordPalmerston’swithallthediplomats，andIwentintheeveningwithasmallpartyofladies。Oncominghomewedroveroundtoseethebrilliantbirthdayilluminations。ThefirstpieceofintelligenceIheardatLadyPalmerston’swasthedeathofthePrincessSophia，aneventwhichisahappyreleaseforher，forshewasblindandagreatsufferer。Ithasoverturnedallcourtfestivities，ofcourse，forthepresent，andputsusallindeepmourning，whichisnotveryconvenientjustnow，inthebrilliantseason，andwhenwehadallourdressarrangementsmade。TheQueenwastohaveaconcertto—night，adrawing—roomnextFriday，andaballonthe16th，whicharealldeferred……IforgottosaythatIgotanotefromMissCouttsonSunday，askingmetogowithherthenextdaytoseetheChinesejunk，soatthreethenextdaywerepairedtoherhouse。Hersisters（MissBurdetts）andMr。Rogerswerealltheparty。AtthejunkforthefirsttimeIsawMetternichandthePrincess，hiswife。

LETTER：ToW。D。B。

LONDON，June29，1848

MydearW。：……WhenIlastleftoffIwasgoingtodineatMissCoutts’stomeettheDuchessofCambridge。Thepartywasbrilliant，includingtheDukeofWellington，LordandLadyDouro，LadyJerseyandthebeautifulLadyClementinaVilliers，herdaughter，etc。Whenroyalpeoplearriveeverybodyrisesandremainsstandingwhiletheystand，andiftheyapproachyouorlookatyou，youmustperformthelowestof\"curtsies。\"ThecourtesymadetoroyaltyisveryliketheoneIwastaughttomakewhenalittlegirlatMissTuft’sschoolinPlymouth。Onesinksdowninsteadofsteppingbackindancing—schoolfashion。AfterdinnertheDuchesswaspleasedtostanduntilthegentlemenrejoinedus；ofcourse，wemustallstand……ThenextdaywedinedattheLordMayor’stomeettheMinisters。Thiswasamostinterestingaffair。WehadallthepeculiarceremonieswhichI

describedtoyoulastautumn，butinadditionthepartywasmostdistinguished，andwehadspeechesfromLordLansdowne，LordPalmerston，LordJohn，LordAuckland，SirGeorgeGrey，etc。

LETTER：ToW。D。B。

LONDON，July21，1848

IwastrulygrievedthatthelaststeamershouldgotoBostonwithoutalinefromme，butIwasinYorkshireandyoumustforgiveme……Ileftoffwiththe26thofJune……ThenexteveningwastheQueen’sConcert，whichwasmostcharming。IsatveryneartheDukeofWellington，whooftenspoketomebetweenthesongs……ThenextdaywewentwithMissCouttstoherbank，lunchedthere，andwentalloverthebuilding。ThenwewenttotheTowerandtheTunneltogether，sheneverhavingseeneither。SoignorantaretheWestEndpeopleofcitylions……AndnowcomesmypleasantYorkshireexcursion。WeleftLondon，athalf—pastthree，atdistanceof180miles。ThiswasSaturday，July8。AtYorkwefoundMr。HudsonreadytoreceiveusandconductustoaspecialtrainwhichtookuseighteenmilesonthewaytoNewbyPark，andtherewefoundcarriagestotakeusfourmilestoourdestination。WemetatdinnerandfoundourpartytoconsistoftheDukeofRichmond，LordLonsdale，LordGeorgeBentinck，LordIngestre，LordJohnBeresford，LadyWebster，whosehusband，nowdead，wasthesonofLadyHolland，twoorthreeagreeabletalkerstofillin，andourselves。

TuesdayLadyWebster，Mr。Bancroft，andmyself，wenttoCastleHoward，asLordMorpethhadwrittentohismotherthatweweretobethereandwouldlunchwithher。CastleHowardistwenty—fivemilestheothersideofYork，whichisitselftwenty—fivemilesfromNewby。ButwhatisfiftymileswhenoneisunderthewingoftheRailwayKingandcanhaveaspecialengineatone’sdisposal。OnarrivingattheCastleHowardstationwefoundLordCarlisle’scarriagewithfourhorsesandmostvenerablecoachmanwaitingtoreceiveus。WeentertheParkalmostimmediately，butitisaboutfourmilestotheCastle，throughmanygates，whichwehadmountedfootmenopenforus。LadyCarlislereceivedusinthemostdelightfulmanner……

IwasdelightedtoseeLordMorpeth’shomeandhismother，whoseldomnowgoestoLondon。ShewasthedaughterofthebeautifulDuchessofDevonshire，andtookmeintoherowndressing—roomtoshowmeherpicture……OnWednesdaywewentintoYorktowitnessthereceptionofPrinceAlbert，toseetheruinsofSt。Mary’sAbbey，theFlowerShow，tolunchwiththeLordMayor，andaboveall，toattendprayersintheMinisterandhearanobleanthem。TheCathedralwascrowdedwithstrangersandagreatmanyfromLondon。

Thenextdaywasthedayofthegreatdinner，andIsendyouthePOSTcontainingMr。Bancroft’sspeech。Itwaswarmlyadmiredbyallwhoheardit。

AttenatnightweladiessetoutforYorktogo[to]theLordMayor’sBall，wherethegentlemenweretomeetusfromthedinner。

Everybodyflockedroundtocongratulatemeuponyourfather’sspeech。EvenPrinceAlbert，whenIwasleduptomakemycurtsey，offeredmehishand，whichisagreatcourtesyinroyalty，andspokeofthegreatbeautyandeloquenceofMr。B。’sspeech。ThePrincesoonwentaway：theLordMayortookmedowntosupperandIsatbetweenhimandtheDukeofRichmondatthehightablewhichwentacrosstheheadofthehall。Guildhallisabeautifuloldroomwithafineoldtraceriedwindow，andthescene，withfivetablesgoingthelengthofthehallandtheupperoneacrossthehead，wasverygayandbrilliant。Therewereafewtoasts，andyourfatheragainmadealittlespeech，shortandpleasant。Wedidnotgethometillhalf—pastthreeinthemorning……OnFridaymorning[July14th]

manyoftheguests，theDukeofRichmond，etc。，tooktheirdepartureandMr。HudsonhadtoescortPrinceAlberttotown，butreturnedthesameevening……ThenextdayweallwenttopayavisittoanestateofMr。Hudson’s[nameofestateindecipherable]forwhichhepaidfivehundredthousandpoundstotheDukeofDevonshire……

ItisnoblysituatedintheYorkshirewolds，afinerangeofhills，andoverlookingthevalleyoftheHumber，whichwasinterestingtome，asitwastheriverwhichourPilgrimfatherssaileddownandlayintheWashatitsmouth，awaitingtheirpassagetoHolland。

Theycame，ourPlymouthfathers，mostlyfromLincolnshireandtheregionwhichlaybelowus。Ithoughtofthem，andthesceneoftheirsufferingswasmoreennobledinmyeyes，fromtheirremembrancethanfromthenoblemansionsandrichestateswhichfeasttheeye。

OnMondaymorningweleftNewbyforYorkonourwayhome。Itsohappenedthatthejudgesweretoopenthecourtthatverymorning，onwhichoccasiontheyalwaysbreakfastwiththeLordMayorintheirscarletrobesandwigs，theLordMayorandaldermenarealsointheirfurredscarletrobesandtheLadyMayoresspresentsthejudgeswithenormousbouquetsoftherichestflowers。Wewereinvitedtothisbreakfast，andIfounditveryentertaining。IwasnexttheHighSheriff，whowasverydesirousthatweshouldstayafewhoursandgotothecastleandseethecourtopenedandlistentoacaseortwo。TheHighSheriffofacountyisagreatcharacterandhasacarriageandliveriesasgrandastheQueen’s。AfterbreakfastwebadeadieutoourYorkfriends，andsetoffwithourbigbouquets（forthedistributionwasextendedtous）forhome。

LETTER：ToT。D。

LONDON，August9，1848

MydearBrother：……OnSaturdaywesetoffforNuneham，themagnificentseatofthelateArchbishopofYork，nowinpossessionofhiseldestson，Mr。GranvilleHarcourt……TheguestsbesidesourselveswereSirRobertandLadyPeel，LordandLadyVilliers，LordandLadyNorreys，LordHarryVane，etc。WeconsidereditagreatprivilegetobestayinginthesamehousewithSirRobertPeel，andIhadalsothepleasureofsittingbyhimatdinnerallthethreedayswewerethere。Hewasfullofconversationofthebestkind。Mr。DenisonandLadyCharlotte，hiswife，werealsoofourparty。ShewasthedaughteroftheDukeofPortlandandsisterofLordGeorgeBentinck，SirRobert’sgreatantagonistintheHouse。

OnSundaymorningweattendedtheprettylittlechurchontheestatewhichwithitsparsonageisapleasingobjectonthegrounds。ThenextdaythewholepartyweretakentoBlenheim，theseatofthefamousDukeofMarlborough，builtattheexpenseofthecountry。

Thegroundsareexquisite，butIwasmostcharmedbythecollectionofpictures。HerewerethefinestVandykes，Rubens，andSirJoshuaReynoldswhichIhaveseen。SirRobertPeelisagreatconnoisseurinartandseemedhighlytoenjoythem。Altogetheritwasatrulydelightfulday：thedriveoffifteenmilesinopencarriages，andthroughOxford，beingofitselfahighpleasure。YesterdaywereturnedtoLondon，andonThursdaywesetoutforScotland。

LETTER：ToMr。andMrs。I。P。D。

EDINBURGH，August16，1848

MydearUncleandAunt：……OfEdinburghIcannotsayenoughtoexpressmyadmiration。TheCastleRock，Arthur’sSeat，SalisburyCraigsandCaltonHillareallseparateandfinemountainsand，withtheFrithofForth，theoceanandtheoldpicturesquetown，makeanassemblageoffineobjectsthatIhaveseennowhereelse。Mr。

Rutherford，theLordAdvocate，whoisoftheMinistry，hadwrittentohisfriendsthatwewerecoming，andseveralgentlemencamebybreakfasttimethenextmorning。Mr。Gordon，hisnephew，marriedthedaughterofProf。Wilson，andinvitedustodinethatdaytomeettheprofessor，etc……WedroveoutafterbreakfastintothecountrytoHawthornden，formerlytheresidenceofDrummondthepoet，andtoLordRoslin’sgrounds，wherearetheruinsofRoslinCastleandaboveall，oftheRoslinChapel……AfterlingeringandadmiringlongwereturnedtoEdinburghjustinseasonfordinneratMr。Gordon’s，wherewefoundProf。Wilson，andanotherdaughterandson，Mrs。Rutherford，wifeoftheLordAdvocate，andCapt。

Rutherford，hisbrother，withhiswife。WehadaveryagreeableeveningandengagedtodinethereagainquiteENFAMILLE，withonlytheprofessor，whoseconversationisdelightful。

ThenextmorningwewentouttoCraigcrook，LordJeffrey’scountryseat，toseeandlunchwithhim。Hewasconfinedtohiscouch……Heisseventy—threeorseventy—four，butlooksnotaminuteolderthanfifty。Hehasafineheadandforehead，andmostagreeableandcourteousmanners，ratheroftheoldschool。Ashecouldnotrisetoreceivemehekissedmyhand。Mrs。Jeffreyisanintelligentandagreeablewomanbuthasbeenmuchoutofhealththelastyear。ShewasMissWilkesofNewYork，youknow。Thehousewasanoldcastellatedandfortifiedhouse，andwithmodernadditionsisamostbeautifulresidence。Capt。RutherfordtoldmethatwhenhereceivedtheLordAdvocate’sletterannouncingthatwewerecoming，hewenttoseeLordJeffreytoknowifhewouldbewellenoughtoseeus，andheexpressedthestrongestadmirationforMr。Bancroft’swork。

Thismayhavedisposedthemtoreceiveuswiththecordialitywhichmadeourvisitsoagreeable。Mr。Empson，hisson—in—lawandthepresidenteditoroftheEdinburghReview，wasstayingthere，andaftertalkingtwohourswithLordandMrs。Jeffreywetookwithhimawalkinthegroundsfromwhicharedelightfulandcommandingviewsofthewholeenvirons，andneverwereenvironssobeautiful。

LETTER：ToW。D。B。

TARBETONLOCHLOMOND，August28，1848

DearW……BeingdetainedherebyrainthismorningIdevoteittoyouandtomyjournal……ThenextdaywasSundaybuttheweatherbeingfineweconcludedtocontinueourjourney，andfollowedtheTayseeingBirnamWoodandDunsinaneonourwayuptoDunkeld，neartowhichisthefineseatoftheDukeofAthol。Wetookadelightfulwalkinthebeautifulgrounds，andwentontoBlairAtholtosleep。ThisisthechiefresidenceoftheDukeofAtholandhehashereanotherhouseandgroundsveryprettythoughnotasextensiveasthoseatDunkeld……WhentheinnkeeperfoundwhowewereheinsistedonsendingamessagetotheDukewhosentdownanordertoustodriveupGlenTiltandmetustherehimself。

WeenteredthroughtheParkandfolloweduptheTilt。NothingcouldbemorewildthanthisnarrowwindingpasswhichwefollowedforeightmilestillwecametotheDuke’sforestlodge。HerewerewaitingforusamostpicturesquegroupinfullHighlanddress：theheadstalker，theheadshepherd，thekennelkeeperswiththeirdogsinleashes，thepiper，etc。，etc。TheytoldusthattheDukehadsentupwordthatwewerecomingandhewouldsoonbetherehimself。

InafewmomentsheappearedalsoinfullHighlandcostumewithbareknees，kilt，philibeg，etc。Hetoldushehadthenonthesemountains15，000headofdear，andthoughtwemightliketoseeaSTART，asitiscalled。Theheadstalkertoldhim，however，thatthewindhadchangedwhichaffectsthescent，andthatnothingcouldbedonethatday。TheDuketriedtomakeusamendsbymakingsomeofhispeoplesingusGaelicsongsandshowussomeoftheathleticHighlandgames。Thelittlelodgehealsowentoverwithus，andsaidthattheDuchesscamethereandlivedsixorsevenweeksintheautumn，andthattheDukeandDuchessofBuccleuchrenteditformanyyearswhilehewasaminor。Ifyoucouldseethetinylittlerooms，youwouldbeastonishedtofindwhattheloveofsportcandoforthesepeoplewhopossessactualpalaces。

Afterdiningagainuponsalmonandgrouseattheprettylittleinn，wetookapostchaisetogoontoTaymouth，alittlevillageadjoiningLordBreadalbane’splace。Wedidnotarriveattheinntillaftereightandfounditcompletelyfull……Weweresenttotheschoolmaster’stosleepinthesmallestoflittlerooms，withagreatclockwhichtickedandstrucksoloudthatwewereobligedtosilenceit，tothegreatbewilderment，Idaresay，ofthescholarsthenextday。Beforewewereinbed，therewasaknockatthedoor，whichprovedtobefromLordBreadalbane’sbutler，tosaythathehadbeencommissionedtoenquirewheneverwearrivedattheinn，ashisLordshiphadheardthatwewereinScotlandandwishedustomakethemavisit。

NextmorningbeforewewereupcameanotefromLordBreadalbaneurgingustocomeimmediatelytotheCastle……TaymouthCastle，thoughnotmorethanfiftyyearsold，hastheairofanoldfeudalcastle……Aswewereusheredupthemagnificentstaircasethroughfirstalargeantechamber，thenthroughasuperbhallwithloftyceilingglowingwitharmorialbearings，andwiththemostlightanddelicatecarvingoneverypartoftheoakenpanelling，thenthroughalonggallery，ofheaviercarvingfilledwithfineoldcabinets，intothelibrary，itseemedtomethatthewholeCastlewasoneofthosemagicaldelusionsthatonereadsofinFairyTales，sostrangediditseemtofindsuchprincelymagnificenceallaloneamidsuchwildandsolitaryscenes。Ihadalwaysthefeelingthatitwouldsuddenlyvanish，atsomewaveofanenchanter’swand，asitmusthavearisenalso。ThelibraryisbyfarthefinestroomIeversaw。ItswindowsandarchesanddoorwaysareallofafinecarvedGothicopenworkaslightasgossamer。Onedoorwhichhelatelyaddedcostathousandpounds，thedooralone，notthedoorway，soyoucanjudgeoftheexquisiteworkmanship。HereLadyBreadalbanejoinedus，whomIhadneverbeforemet……Duringdinnerthepiperinfullcostumewasplayingthepibrochinagalleryoutsidethewindow，andafterhehaddoneaband，alsoinfullHighlanddress，playedsomeoftheItalian，GermanaswellasScotchmusic，atjustanagreeabledistance。IhaveseennothinginEnglandwhichcomparesinsplendorwiththestatewhichiskeptuphere。

WepassedWednesdayandThursdayheremostagreeably，andwerodeorwalkedduringthewholedays。LordBreadalbane，bytheway，hasjustbeenappointedLordHighChamberlaintotheQueeninplaceofLordSpencer。IamgladofthisbecausewearebroughtoftenincontactwiththeLordChamberlain，butitisverystrangetomethatamanwholiveslikeaking，andthroughwhosedominionswetravelledahundredmilesfromtheGermanOceantotheAtlantic，canbeChamberlaintoanyQueen。Thesefeudalsubordinationswerepublicanscannotunderstand……WestoppedatthelittletownofOban。Afterreadingourlettersandgettingadinner，wewentoutjustbeforesunsetforawalk。

WewishedmuchtoseetheruinsofDunolly。Wepassedtheporter’slodgeandfoundourselvesdirectlyinthemostpicturesquegroundsontheveryshoreoftheoceanandwiththeWesternIslandslyingbeforeus。Mr。Bancroftsentinhiscard，whichbroughtoutinstantlythekeytotheoldcastle，andinafewmomentsCapt。

MacDougalandMr。Phipps，abrotherofLordNormanby’s，joinedus。

Theypointedouttheinterestingpointsinthelandscape，theCastleofArdtornish，thesceneofLordoftheIsles，etc。，inadditiontothefineoldruinwecametosee。Welingeredtillthelighthouseshadbeguntoglow，andIwasremindedverymuchofthesceneryatWood’sHole，whichIusedtoenjoysomuch，onlythatcouldnotboasttheassociationwithpoetryandfeudalromance。Wethenwentintothehouse，andfoundacharmingdomesticcircleinfulleveningdresswithshortsleeves，sothatmygraytravellingcloakandstrawbonnetwereratheroutofplace。HerewereMrs。Phipps，andMissCampbell，hersister，daughtersofSirColinCampbell，andtomygreatdelight，CaptainMacDougalbroughtoutthegreatbroochofLorn，whichhisancestorwonfromBruceandthestoryofwhichyouwillfindintheLordoftheIsles。ItfastenedtheScotchPlaid，andislargerthanateacup。HedescribedtomethereverentialwayinwhichScotttookitinbothhandswhenheshowedittohim。Thewholeeveningwaspleasantandthemoresofrombeingunexpected……OnelittlethingwhichaddsalwaystothecharmofScotchsceneryisthedressofthepeasantry。OneneverseestherealHighlandcostume，buteveryshepherdhashisplaidslungoveroneshoulder，makingthemostgracefuldrapery。This，withtheuniversalGlengarrybonnet，isverypretty。

AtGlasgowweintendedtopayavisitofadaytothehistorianAlison，butfoundlettersannouncingGovernorDavis’sarrivalinLondonwithMr。Corcoranandimmediatelyturnedourfaceshomeward。

Weweretohavepassedaweekonourreturnamidstthelakes，andI

protestedagainstgoingbacktoLondonwithoutonelookatleast。

SowestoppedatKendalonSaturday，tookalittlecarriageovertoWindermereandAmblesideandpassedthewholeeveningwiththepoetandMrs。Wordsworth，attheirownexquisitehomeonRydalMount。Atteno’clockwewentfromtheretoMissMartineau，whohasbuilttheprettiestofhousesinthisvalleyneartoMrs。ArnoldatFoxHowe。

AswehadonlyonedaywemadeanarrangementwithMissMartineautogowithusandbeourguide，andsetoutthenextdayatsixo’clockandwentovertoKeswicktobreakfast。FromthencewewenttoBorrowdale，bythesideofDerwentwater，andafterwardtoUlswaterandhomebythefinepassofKirkstone。Onmyreturn，IfoundtheDukeandDuchessofArgylehadbeentoseeus。

ThetimeofclosingthedespatchbaghascomeandImusthurryovermydelightatthesceneryofthelakes。Icouldhavespentamonththere，muchtomymind。WearrivedhomeonMondayandearlynextmorningcameMr。DavisandMr。Corcoran。TheywenttoseetheParliamentproroguedinpersonbytheQueen。

LETTER：ToMr。andMrs。I。P。D。

LONDON，December14，1848

DearUncleandAunt：OnFridaywedinedatMr。Tufnell’s，whomarriedlastspringthedaughterofLordRosebery，LadyAnnePrimrose，avery\"niceperson，\"tousethefavoriteEnglishtermofpraise……SirJohnHobhousewasofourpartyandhetoldussomuchofByron，whowashisintimatefriend，asyouwillrememberfromhisLife，thatwestayedmuchlongerthanusualatdinner……OnTuesdaywewereinvitedtodinewithMissCoutts，butwereengagedtoMr。Gurney，animmenselyrichQuakerbanker，brotherofMrs。Fry。HisdaughterismarriedtoErnestBunsen，thesecondsonofourfriend。Weweredelightedwiththewholefamilyscene，whichwasquiteunlikeanythingwehaveseeninEngland。TheyliveatUptonPark，aprettycountryseatabouteightmilesfromus，andaresurroundedbytheirchildrenandgrandchildren。TheircostumeandlanguagearestrictlyQuaker，whichwasmostbecomingtoMrs。

Gurney’ssweet，placidface……LouisNapoleon’selectionseemsfixed，andistomeoneofthemostastoundingthingsoftheage。

WhenwepassedseveraldayswithhimatMr。Bates’s，Iwouldnothavegiventwostrawsforhischanceofafuturecareer。To—nightMendelssohn’s\"Elijah\"istobeperformed，andJennyLindsings。Wehadnotbeenabletogettickets，whichhavebeensoldforfiveguineasapiecethelastfewdays。TomygreatjoyMissCouttshasthismomentwrittenmethatshehastwoforouruse，andasksustotakeanearlydinneratfivewithherandaccompanyher。

LETTER：ToI。P。D。

LONDON，June8，1849

Ithankyou，mydearUncle，foryourpleasantletter，whichcontainedasusualmuchthatwasinterestingtome。AndsoMr。andMrs。Lawrencearetobeoursuccessors……Happyaswehavebeenhere，Ihaveagreatsatisfactionthatwearesettingratherthanrising；thatwehavedoneourwork，insteadofhavingittodo。

Likeallourpleasures，thosehereareearnedbyfatigueandeffort，andIwouldnotwillinglylivethelastthreeyearsoveragain，orthreeyearslikethem，thoughtheyhavecontainedhighandlastinggratifications。Wehaveconstantlythestrongestexpressionsofregretatourapproachingdeparture，andinmanycasesitis，I

know，mostgenuine。Myrelationsherehavebeenmostagreeable，andparticularlyinthatintellectualcirclewhosehighcharacterandculturehavemadetheirregardmostprecioustome。Themanifestationsofthiskindnessincreaseasthetimeapproachesforourgoingandweareinundatedwithinvitationsofallkinds。

YoungPrescottishere。IwishPrescottcouldhaveseenhisreceptionatLadyLovelace’stheothereveningwhentherehappenedtobeacollectionofgeniusandliterature。WhatablessingitisSOMETIMEStoasontohaveafather。

To—morrowwedinewithLordJohnRusselldownatPembrokeLodgeinRichmondPark。OnMondaywebreakfastwithMacaulay。WemethimatdinnerthisweekatLadyWaldegrave’s，andhesaid：\"Wouldyoubewillingtobreakfastwithmesomemorning，ifIaskedoneortwootherladies？\"\"Willing!\"Isaid，\"Ishouldbedelightedbeyondmeasure。\"SohesentusanoteforMondaynext。Idependuponseeinghisbachelorestablishment，hislibrary，andmodeoflife。

OnWednesdaywegotoaballatthePalace。Butitisuselesstogoon，foreverydayisfilledinthisway，andgivesyouanideaofLondonintheseason。

LETTER：ToI。P。D。

LONDON，June22，1849

MydearUncle：YesterdayIpassedoneofthemostagreeabledaysI

havehadinEnglandatOxford，whereIwentwithapartytoseeMr。

Bancrofttakehisdegree……Nothingcouldhavegoneoffbetterthanthewholething。Mr。Bancroftwentupthedaybefore，butMrs。

StuartMackenzieandherdaughter，withLadyElizabethWaldegrave，Louisa，andmyselfwentupyesterdaymorningandreturnedatnight。

WelunchedattheVice—Chancellor’s（whereMr。B。madeapleasantlittleinformalspeech）andweretreatedwithgreatkindnessbyeverybody。IwishyoucouldhaveseenMr。Bancroftwalkingroundalldaywithhisscarletgownandroundvelvetcap，suchasyouseeinoldVenetianpictures。Fromthistimeforwardweshallhavethepainofbiddingadieu，onebyone，toourfriends，astheyleavetownnottoreturntillwearegone。