第3章

581Whetherfacultiesarenotenlargedandimprovedbyexercise?

582Whetherthesumofthefacultiesputintoact,or,inotherwords,theunitedactionofawholepeople,dothnotconstitutethemomentumofaState?

583WhethersuchmomentumbenottherealstockorwealthofaState;andwhetheritscreditbenotproportionalthereunto?

584WhetherineverywiseStatethefacultiesofthemindarenotmostconsidered?

585WhetherthemomentumofaStatedothnotimplythewholeexertionofitsfaculties,intellectualandcorporeal;andwhetherthelatterwithouttheformercouldactinconcert?

586Whetherthedividedforceofmen,actingsingly,wouldnotbearopeofsand?

587WhethertheparticularmotionsofthemembersofaState,inoppositedirections,willnotdestroyeachother,andlessenthemomentumofthewhole;butwhethertheymustnotconspiretoproduceagreateffect?

588WhetherthereadymeanstoputspiritintothisState,tofortifyandincreaseitsmomentum,wouldnotbeanationalbank,andplentyofsmallcash?

589Whetherthatwhichemploysandexertstheforceofacommunitydeservesnottobewellconsideredandwellunderstood?

590Whethertheimmediatemover,thebloodandspirits,benotmoney,paper,ormetal;andwhetherthesoulorwillofthecommunity,whichistheprimemoverthatgovernsanddirectsthewhole,benotthelegislature?

591Supposingtheinhabitantsofacountryquitesunkinsloth,orevenfastasleep,whether,uponthegradualawakeningandexertion,firstofthesensitiveandlocomotivefaculties,nextofreasonandreflexion,thenofjusticeandpiety,themomentumofsuchcountryorStatewouldnot,inproportionthereunto,becomestillmoreandmoreconsiderable?

592Whetherthatwhichinthegrowthislastattained,andisthefinishingperfectionofapeople,benotthefirstthinglostintheirdeclension?

593Whetherforcebenotofconsequence,asitisexerted;andwhethergreatforcewithoutgreatwisdommaynotbeanuisance?

594Whethertheforceofachild,appliedwithart,maynotproducegreatereffectsthanthatofagiant?AndwhetherasmallstockinthehandsofawiseStatemaynotgofurther,andproducemoreconsiderableeffects,thanimmensesumsinthehandsofafoolishone?

595WhosefaultisitifpoorIrelandstillcontinuespoor?

QUERIESOMITTED

PartI

29Whether,nevertheless,thedamagewouldbeveryconsiderable,ifbydegreesourmoneywerebroughtbacktotheEnglishvaluetheretorestforever?

30WhethertheEnglishcrowndidnotformerlypasswithusforsixshillings?Andwhatinconvenienceensuedtothepublicuponitsreductiontothepresentvalue,andwhetherwhathathbeenmaynotbe?

52Whetheritbenotabulltocallthatmakinganinterest,wherebyamanspendethmuchandgainethnothing?

55Whethercunningbenotonethingandgoodsenseanother?andwhetheracunningtradesmandothnotstandinhisownlight?

62Whether,consequently,thefinegentlemen,whoseemploymentisonlytodress,drink,andplay,benotapubicnuisance?

73Whetherthosespecimensofourownmanufacture,hungupinacertainpublicplace,donotsufficientlydeclaresuchourignorance?andwhetherforthehonourofthenationtheyoughtnottoberemoved?

201WhetheranynationeverwasingreaterwantofsuchanexpedientthanIreland?

209Whetherthepublicmaynotaswellsavetheinterestwhichitnowpays?

210Whatwouldhappeniftwoofourbanksshouldbreakatonce?

Andwhetheritbewisetoneglectprovidingagainstaneventwhichexperiencehathshewnusnottobeimpossible?

211Whethersuchanaccidentwouldnotparticularlyaffectthebankers?Andthereforewhetheranationalbankwouldnotbeasecurityeventoprivatebankers?

212Whetherwemaynoteasilyavoidtheinconvenienciesattendingthepaper—moneyofNewEngland,whichwereincurredbytheirissuingtoogreataquantityofnotes,bytheirhavingnosilverinbanktoexchangefornotes,bytheirnotinsistinguponrepaymentoftheloansatthetimeprefixed,andespeciallybytheirwantofmanufacturestoanswertheirimportsfromEurope?

213Whetheracombinationofbankersmightnotdowonders,andwhetherbankersknowtheirownstrength?

214Whetherabankinprivatehandsmightnotevenoverturnagovernment?andwhetherthiswasnotthecaseoftheBankofSt。

GeorgeinGenoa?

215WhetherwemaynoteasilypreventtheilleffectsofsuchabankasMrLawproposedforScotland,whichwasfaultyinnotlimitingthequantumofbills,andpermittingallpersonstotakeoutwhatbillstheypleased,uponthemortgageoflands,whencebyaglutofpaper,thepricesofthingsmustrise?Whencealsothefortunesofmenmustincreaseindenomination,thoughnotinvalue;whencepride,idleness,andbeggary?

216WhethersuchbanksasthoseofEnglandandScotlandmightnotbeattendedwithgreatinconveniences,aslodgingtoomuchpowerinthehandsofprivatemen,andgivinghandleformonopolies,stock—jobbing,anddestructiveschemes?

217Whetherthenationalbank,projectedbyananonymouswriterinthelatterendofQueenAnne’sreign,mightnotontheotherhandbeattendedwithasgreatinconvenienciesbylodgingtoomuchpowerintheGovernment?

218WhetherthebankprojectedbyMurray,thoughitpartake,inmanyusefulparticulars,withthatofAmsterdam,yet,asitplacethtoogreatpowerinthehandsofaprivatesociety,mightnotbedangeroustothepublic?

221Whetherthoseeffectscouldhavehappenedhadtherebeennostock—jobbing?Andwhetherstock—jobbingcouldatfirsthavebeensetonfoot,withoutanimaginaryfoundationofsomeimprovementtothestockbytrade?Whether,therefore,whentherearenosuchprospects,orcheats,orprivateschemesproposed,thesameeffectscanbejustlyfeared?

222Whetherbyanationalbank,benotproperlyunderstoodabank,notonlyestablishedbypublicauthorityastheBankofEngland,butabankinthehandsofthepublic,whereintherearenoshares:whereofthepublicaloneisproprietor,andreapsallthebenefit?

223Whether,havingconsideredtheconvenienciesofbankingandpaper—creditinsomecountries,andtheinconvenienciesthereofinothers,wemaynotcontrivetoadopttheformer,andavoidthelatter?

224Whethergreatevils,towhichotherschemesareliable,maynotbeprevented,byexcludingthemanagersofthebankfromashareinthelegislature?

226WhetherthebankproposedtobeestablishedinIreland,underthenotionofanationalbank,bythevoluntarysubscriptionofthreehundredthousandpounds,topayoffthenationaldebt,theinterestofwhichsumtobepaidthesubscribers,subjecttocertaintermsofredemption,benotinrealityaprivatebank,asthoseofEnglandandScotland,whicharenationalonlyinname,beinginthehandsofparticularpersons,andmakingdividendsonthemoneypaidinbysubscribers?

228Whetheritisnotworthwhiletoreflectontheexpedientsmadeuseofbyothernations,paper—money,bank—notes,publicfunds,andcreditinallitsshapes,toexaminewhathathbeendoneanddevisedtoaddtoourownanimadversions,anduponthewholeoffersuchhintsasseemnotunworthytheattentionofthepublic?

230Whetheritmaynotbeexpedienttoappointcertainfundsorstockforanationalbank,underdirectionofcertainpersons,one—thirdwhereoftobenamedbytheGovernment,andone—thirdbyeachHouseofParliament?

231WhetherthedirectorsshouldnotbeexcludedfromsittingineitherHouse,andwhethertheyshouldnotbesubjecttotheauditandvisitationofastandingcommitteeofbothHouses?

232Whethersuchcommitteeofinspectorsshouldnotbechangedeverytwoyears,one—halfgoingout,andanothercominginbyballot?

233Whetherthenotesoughtnottobeissuedinlots,tobeletatinterestonmortgagedlands,thewholenumberoflotstobedividedamongthefourprovinces,rateablytothenumberofhearthsineach?

234Whetheritmaynotbeexpedienttoappointfourcounting—houses,oneineachprovince,forconvertingnotesintospecie?

235Whetheralimitshouldnotbefixed,whichnopersonmightexceed,intakingoutnotes?

236Whether,thebettertoanswerdomesticcirculation,itmaynotberighttoissuenotesaslowastwentyshillings?

237Whetherallthebillsshouldbeissuedatonce,orratherbydegrees,thatsomenmaybegraduallyaccustomedandreconciledtothebank?

238Whetherthekeepingofthecash,andthedirectionofthebank,oughtnottobeindifferenthands,andbothunderpubliccontrol?

239Whetherthesameruleshouldnotalwaybeobserved,oflendingoutmoneyornotes,onlytohalfthevalueofthemortgagedland?andwhetherthisvalueshouldnotalwayberatedatthesamenumberofyears’purchaseasatfirst?

240Whethercareshouldnotbetakentopreventanundueriseofthevalueofland?

241Whethertheincreaseofindustryandpeoplewillnotofcourseraisethevalueofland?Andwhetherthisrisemaynotbesufficient?

242Whetherlandmaynotbeapttoriseontheissuingtoogreatplentyofnotes?

243Whetherthismaynotbepreventedbythegradualandslowissuingofnotes,andbyfrequentsalesoflands?

244Whetherinterestdothnotmeasurethetruevalueofland;forinstance,wheremoneyisatfivepercent,whetherlandisnotworthtwentyyears’purchase?

245Whethertoosmallaproportionofmoneywouldnothurtthelandedman,andtoogreataproportionthemoniedman?Andwhetherthequantumofnotesoughtnottobearproportiontothepubicdemand?Andwhethertrialmustnotshewwhatthisdemandwillbe?

246Whethertheexceedingthismeasuremightnotproducediversbadeffects,onewhereofwouldbethelossofoursilver?

247Whetherinterestpaidintothebankoughtnottogoonaugmentingitsstock?

248Whetheritwouldorwouldnotberighttoappointthatthesaidinterestbepaidinnotesonly?

249Whetherthenotesofthisnationalbankshouldnotbereceivedinallpaymentsintotheexchequer?

250Whetheronsuppositionthatthespecieshouldfail,thecreditwouldnot,nevertheless,stillpass,beingadmittedinallpaymentsofthepublicrevenue?

251Whetherthepubiccanbecomebankruptsolongasthenotesareissuedongoodsecurity?

252Whethermismanagement,prodigalliving,hazardsbytrade,whichoftenaffectprivatebanks,areequallytobeapprehendedinapubicone?

253Whetherascreditbecamecurrent,andthisraisedthevalueofland,thesecuritymustnotofcourserise?

255Whetherbydegrees,asbusinessandpeoplemultiplied,morebillsmaynotbeissued,withoutaugmentingthecapitalstock,providedstill,thattheyareissuedongoodsecurity;whichfurtherissuingofnewbills,nottobewithoutconsentofParliament?

256Whethersuchbankwouldnotbesecure?Whethertheprofitsaccruingtothepubicwouldnotbeveryconsiderable?Andwhetherindustryinprivatepersonswouldnotbesupplied,andageneralcirculationencouraged?

257Whethersuchbankshould,orshouldnot,beallowedtoissuenotesformoneydepositedtherein?And,ifnot,whetherthebankerswouldhavecausetocomplain?

258Whether,ifthepublicthrives,allparticularpersonsmustnotfeelthebenefitthereof,eventhebankersthemselves?

259Whether,besidethebankcompany,therearenotinEnglandmanyprivatewealthybankers,andwhethertheyweremorebeforetheerectingofthatcompany?

261Whetherwehavenotpaper—moneycirculatingamong,whether,therefore,wemightnotaswellhavethatusalreadywhichissecuredbythepublic,andwhereofthepubicreapsthebenefit?

262Whethertherearenottwogeneralwaysofcirculatingmoney,towit,playandtraffic?andwhetherstock—jobbingisnottoberankedundertheformer?

263Whethertherearemorethantwothingsthatmightdrawsilveroutofthebank,whenitscreditwasoncewellestablished,towit,foreigndemandsandsmallpaymentsathome?

264Whether,ifourtradewithFrancewerechecked,theformerofthesecausescouldbesupposedtooperateatall?andwhetherthelattercouldoperatetoanygreatdegree?

267Whetherpaper—moneyornotesmaynotbeissuedfromthenationalbank,onthesecurityofhemp,oflinen,orothermanufactureswherebythepoormightbesupportedintheirindustry?

273Whetherbanksraisedbyprivatesubscriptionwouldbeasadvantageoustothepublicastothesubscribers?andwhetherrisksandfraudsmightnotbemorejustlyapprehendedfromthem?

276Whetheranargumentfromtheabuseofthings,againsttheuseofthem,beconclusive?

277Whetherhewhoisbredtoapartbefittedtojudgeofthewhole?

278Whetherinterestbenotapttobiasjudgment?andwhethertradersonlyaretobeconsultedabouttrade,orbankersaboutmoney?

280Whetheranymanhatharighttojudge,thatwillnotbeatthepainstodistinguish?

281Whethertherebenotawidedifferencebetweentheprofitsgoingtoaugmentthenationalstock,andbeingdividedamongprivatesharers?Andwhether,intheformercase,therecanpossiblybeanygamingorstock—jobbing?

289Whether,therefore,itdothnotgreatlyconcerntheState,thatourIrishnativesshouldbeconverted,andthewholenationunitedinthesamereligion,thesameallegiance,andthesameinterest?andhowthismaymostprobablybeeffected?

291WhethertherehavenotbeenPopishrecusants?and,ifso,whetheritwouldberighttoobjectagainsttheforegoingoath,thatallwouldtakeit,andnonethinkthemselvesboundbyit?

292WhetherthoseoftheChurchofRome,inconvertingtheMoorsofSpainortheProtestantsofFrance,havenotsetusanexamplewhichmightjustifyasimilartreatmentofthemselves,ifthelawsofChristianityallowedthereof?

293WhethercompellingmentoaprofessionoffaithisnottheworstthinginPopery,and,consequently,whethertocopyaftertheChurchofRometherein,werenottobecomePapistsourselvesintheworstsense?

294Whether,nevertheless,wemaynotimitatetheChurchofRome,incertainplaces,whereJewsaretolerated,byobligingourIrishPapists,atstatedtimes,tohearProtestantsermons?andwhetherthiswouldnotmakemissionariesintheIrishtongueuseful?

295Whetherthemereactofhearing,withoutmakinganyprofessionoffaith,orjoininginanypartofworship,beareligiousact;and,consequently,whethertheirbeingobligedtohear,maynotconsistwiththetolerationofRomanCatholics?

296Whether,ifpenallawsshouldbethoughtoppressive,wemaynotatleastbeallowedtogivepremiums?Andwhetheritwouldbewrong,ifthepublicencouragedPopishfamiliestobecomehearers,bypayingtheirhearth—moneyforthem?

297Whetheringrantingtoleration,weoughtnottodistinguishbetweendoctrinespurelyreligious,andsuchasaffecttheState?

298WhetherthecasebenotverydifferentinregardtoamanwhoonlyeatsfishonFridays,sayshisprayersinLatin,orbelievestransubstantiation,andonewhoprofessethintemporalsasubjectiontoforeignpowers,whoholdethhimselfabsolvedfromallobediencetohisnaturalprinceandthelawsofhiscountry?

whoisevenpersuaded,itmaybemeritorioustodestroythepowersthatare?

299Whether,therefore,adistinctionshouldnotbemadebetweenmerePapistsandrecusants?AndwhetherthelattercanexpectthesameprotectionfromtheGovernmentastheformer?

300WhetherourPapistsinthiskingdomcancomplain,iftheyareallowedtobeasmuchPapistsasthesubjectsofFranceoroftheEmpire?

303Whethereverypleaofconscienceistoberegarded?Whether,forinstance,theGermanAnabaptists,Levellers,orFifthMonarchymenwouldbetoleratedonthatpretence?

304WhetherPopishchildrenbredincharityschools,whenboundoutinapprenticeshiptoProtestantmasters,dogenerallycontinueProtestants?

306Whetheriftheparentsareoverlooked,therecanbeanygreathopesofsuccessinconvertingthechildren?

312Whethertherebeanynationofmengovernedbyreason?Andyet,iftherewasnot,whetherthiswouldbeagoodargumentagainsttheuseofreasoninpubicaffairs?

315Whetherone,whoseendistomakehiscountrymenthink,maynotgainhisend,eventhoughtheyshouldnotthinkashedoth?

316Whetherhe,whoonlyasks,asserts?andwhetheranymancanfairlyconfutethequerist?

317Whethertheinterestofapartwillnotalwaysbepreferredtothatofthewhole?

PartII

5Whetheritcanbereasonablyhoped,thatourstatewillmend,solongaspropertyisinsecureamongus?

6Whetherinthatcasethewisestgovernment,orthebestlawscanavail。us?

7Whetherafewmishapstoparticularpersonsmaynotthrowthisnationintotheutmostconfusion?

8Whetherthepublicisnotevenonthebrinkofbeingundonebyprivateaccidents?

11Whetherthereforeitbenothightimetoopenoureyes?

24Whetherprivateendsarenotprosecutedwithmoreattentionandvigourthanthepublic?Andyet,whetherallprivateendsarenotincludedinthepubic?

25Whetherbankingbenotabsolutelynecessarytothepubicweal?

26Whetherevenourprivatebanks,thoughattendedwithsuchhazardsasweallknowthemtobe,arenotofsingularuseindefectofanationalbank?

28WhetherthemysteryofbankingdidnotderiveitsoriginalfromtheItalians?Whetherthisacutepeoplewerenot,uponatime,bankersoverallEurope?Whetherthatbusinesswasnotpractisedbysomeoftheirnoblestfamilieswhomadeimmenseprofitsbyit,andwhethertothatthehouseofMedicididnotoriginallyoweitsgreatness?

30WhetheratVeniceallpaymentsofbillsofexchangeandmerchants’contractsarenotmadeinthenationalorpubicbank,thegreatestaffairsbeingtransactedonlybywritingthenamesoftheparties,oneasdebtortheotherascreditorinthebank—book?

31Whetherneverthelessitwasnotfoundexpedienttoprovideachestofreadycashforansweringalldemandsthatshouldhappentobemadeonaccountofpaymentsindetail?

32Whetherthisofferofreadycash,insteadoftransfersinthebank,hathnotbeenfoundtoaugmentratherthandiminishthestockthereof?

33WhetheratVenice,thedifferenceinthevalueofbankmoneyaboveothermoneybenotfixedattwentypercent?

34WhetherthebankofVenicebenotshutupfourtimesintheyeartwentydayseachtime?

35Whetherbymeansofthisbankthepublicbenotmistressofamillionandahalfsterling?

37WhetherwemaynothopeforasmuchskillandhonestyinaProtestantIrishParliamentasinaPopishSenateofVenice?

39Whetherbesidescoinedmoney,therebenotalsogreatquantitiesofingotsorbarsofgoldandsilverlodgedinthisbank?

41Whetheritbenottrue,thatthebankofAmsterdamnevermakespaymentsincash?

42Whether,nevertheless,itbenotalsotrue,thatnomanwhohathcreditinthebankcanwantmoneyfromparticularpersons,whoarewillingtobecomecreditorsinhisstead?

43Whetheranymanthinkshimselfthepoorer,becausehismoneyisinthe。bank?

44WhetherthecreditorsofthebankofAmsterdamarenotatlibertytowithdrawtheirmoneywhentheyplease,andwhetherthislibertydothnotmakethemlessdesiroustouseit?

45Whetherthisbankbenotshutuptwiceintheyearfortenorfifteendays,duringwhichtimetheaccountsarebalanced?

53WhetherwearebynatureamorestupidpeoplethantheDutch?

Andyetwhetherthesethingsaresufficientlyconsideredbyourpatriots?

54WhetheranythinglessthantheuttersubversionofthoseRepublicscanbreakthebanksofVeniceandAmsterdam?

55WhetheratHamburghthecitizenshavenotthemanagementofthebank,withoutthemeddlingorinspectionoftheSenate?

56Whetherthedirectorsbenotfourprincipalburgherschosenbypluralityofvoices,whosebusinessistoseetherulesobserved,andfurnishthecashierswithmoney?

57Whetherthebook—keepersarenotobligedtobalancetheiraccountseveryweek,andexhibitthemtothecontrollersordirectors?

58WhetheranybesidesthecitizensareadmittedtohavecompteenbancatHamburgh?

59Whethertherebenotacertainlimit,underwhichnosumcanbeenteredintothebank?

60WhethereachparticularpersondothnotpayafeeinordertobeadmittedtoacompteenbancatHamburghandAmsterdam?

61WhethertheeffectslodgedinthebankofHamburghareliabletobeseizedfordebtorforfeiture?

62Whetherthisbankdothnotlendmoneyuponpawnsatlowinterestandonlyforhalfayear,afterwhichterm,indefaultofpayment,thepawnsarepunctuallysoldbyauction?

63Whetherthebook—keepersofthebankofHamburgharenotobligeduponoathnevertorevealwhatsumsofmoneyarepaidinoroutofthebank,orwhateffectsanyparticularpersonhastherein?

64Whether,therefore,itbepossibletoknowthestateorstockofthisbank;andyetwhetheritbenotofthegreatestreputationandmostestablishedcreditthroughouttheNorth?

66Whetheranabsolutemonarchybesoapttogaincredit,andwhetherthevivacityofsomehumourscouldsowellsuitwiththeslowstepsanddiscreetmanagementwhichabankrequires?

67WhetherthebankcalledthegeneralbankofFrance,contrivedbyMrLaw,andestablishedbyletterspatentinMay,1716,wasnotintruthaparticularandnotanationalbank,beinginthehandsofaparticularcompanyprivilegedandprotectedbytheGovernment?

68WhethertheGovernmentdidnotorderthatthenotesofthisbankshouldpassonaparwithreadymoneyinallpaymentsoftherevenue?

69Whetherthisbankwasnotobligedtoissueonlysuchnotesaswerepayableatsight?

70Whetheritwasnotmadeacapitalcrimetoforgethenotesofthisbank?

71Whetherthisbankwasnotrestrainedfromtradingeitherbyseaorland,andfromtakingupmoneyuponinterest?

72Whethertheoriginalstockthereofwasnotsixmillionsoflivres,dividedintoactionsofathousandcrownseach?

73Whethertheproprietorswerenottoholdgeneralassembliestwiceintheyear,fortheregulatingoftheiraffairs?

74Whethertheaccomptsofthisbankwerenotbalancedtwiceeveryyear?

75Whethertherewerenottwochestsbelongingtothisbank,theonecalledthegeneralchestcontainingtheirspecie,theirbillsandtheircopperplatesfortheprintingofthosebills,underthecustodyofthreelocks,whereofthekeyswerekeptbythedirector,theinspectorandtreasurer。alsoanothercalled,theordinarychest,containingpartofthestocknotexceedingtwohundredthousandcrowns,underthekeyofthetreasurer?

76Whetheroutofthislastmentionedsum,eachparticularcashierwasnottobeintrustedwithasharenotexceedingthevalueoftwentythousandcrownsatatime,andthatundergoodsecurity?

77WhethertheRegentdidnotreservetohimselfthepowerofcallingthisbanktoaccount,sooftenasheshouldthinkgood,andofappointingtheinspector?

78Whetherinthebeginningoftheyear1719theFrenchKingdidnotconvertthegeneralbankofFranceintoaBanqueRoyale,havinghimselfpurchasedthestockofthecompanyandtakenitintohisownhands,andappointedtheDukeofOrleanschiefmanagerthereof?

79Whetherfromthattime,allmattersrelatingtothebankwerenottransactedinthename,andbythesoleauthority,oftheking?

80WhetherhisMajestydidnotundertaketoreceiveandkeepthecashofallparticularpersons,subjects,orforeigners,inhissaidRoyaleBanque,withoutbeingpaidforthattrouble?Andwhetheritwasnotdeclared,thatsuchcashshouldnotbeliabletoseizureonanypretext,notevenontheking’sownaccount?

81Whetherthetreasureralonedidnotsignallthebills,receiveallthestockpaidintothebank,andkeepaccountofallthein—goingsandout—goings?

82WhethertherewerenotthreeregistersfortheenregisteringofthebillskeptintheBanqueRoyale,onebytheinspector,anotherbythecontroller,andathirdbythetreasurer?

83Whethertherewasnotalsoafourthregister,containingtheprofitsofthebank,whichwasvisited,atleastonceaweek,bytheinspectorandcontroller?

84Whether,besidethegeneralbureauorcompterinthecityofParis,therewerenotalsoappointedfivemoreinthetownsofLyons,Tours,Rochelle,Orleans,andAmiens,eachwhereofwasprovidedwithtwochests,oneofspeciefordischargingbillsatsight,andanotherofbankbillstobeissuedasthereshouldbedemand?

85Whether,intheabovementionedtowns,itwasnotprohibitedtomakepaymentsinsilver,exceedingthesumofsixhundredlivres?

86Whetherallcreditorswerenotempoweredtodemandpaymentinbankbillsinsteadofspecie?

87Whether,inashortcompassoftime,thisbankdidnotundergomanynewchangesandregulationsbyseveralsuccessiveactsofcouncil?

88Whethertheuntimely,repeated,andboundlessfabricationofbillsdidnotprecipitatetheruinofthisbank?

89Whetheritbenottrue,thatbeforetheendofJuly,1719,theyhadfabricatedfourhundredmillionsoflivresinbank—notes,towhichtheyaddedthesumofonehundredandtwentymillionsmoreonthetwelfthofSeptemberfollowing,alsothesamesumofonehundredandtwentymillionsonthetwenty—fourthof3October,andagainonthetwenty—ninthofDecember,inthesameyear,thefarthersumofthreehundredandsixtymillions,makingthewhole,fromanoriginalstockofsixmillions,mount,withinthecompassofoneyear,toathousandmillionsoflivres?

90Whetheronthetwenty—eighthofFebruary,1720,thekingdidnotmakeanunionofthebankwiththeunitedcompanyoftheEastandWestIndies,whichfromthattimehadtheadministrationandprofitsoftheBanqueRoyale?

91Whetherthekingdidnotstillprofesshimselfresponsibleforthevalueofthebankbills,andwhetherthecompanywerenotresponsibletohisMajestyfortheirmanagement?

92Whethersixteenhundredmillionsoflivres,lenttohismajestybythecompany,wasnotasufficientpledgetoindemnifytheking?

93Whetherthenewdirectorswerenotprohibitedtomakeanymorebillswithoutanactofcouncil?

94WhetherthechestsandbooksoftheBanquewerenotsubjectedtothejointinspectionofaCounsellorofState,andthePrevotdesMarchands,assistedbytwoEchevins,ajudge,andaconsul,whohadpowertovisitwhentheywouldandwithoutwarning?

95WhetherinlessthantwoyearstheactionsorsharesoftheIndianCompany(firstestablishedforMississippi,andafterwardsincreasedbytheadditionofothercomparesandfurther?andwhetherthisprivileges)didnotrisetonear2000percentmustbeascribedtorealadvantagesoftrade,ortomerefrenzy?

96Whether,fromfirsttolast,therewerenotfabricatedbankbills,ofonekindorother,tothevalueofmorethantwothousandandsixhundredmillionsoflivres,oronehundredandthirtymillionssterling?

97WhetherthecreditofthebankdidnotdeclinefromitsunionwiththeIndianCompany?

98Whether,notwithstandingalltheabove—mentionedextraordinarymeasures,thebankbillsdidnotstillpassatparwithgoldandsilvertoMay,1720,whentheFrenchkingthoughtfit,byanewactofcouncil,tomakeareductionoftheirvalue,whichprovedafatalblow,theeffectswhereof,thoughsoonretracted,nosubsequentskillormanagementcouldeverrepair?

99Whether,whatnoreason,reflexion,orforesightcoulddo,thissimplematteroffact(themostpowerfulargumentwiththemultitude)didnotdoatonce,towit,opentheeyesofthepeople?

100Whetherthedealersinthatsortofwarehadevertroubledtheirheadswiththenatureofcredit,orthetrueuseandendofbanks,butonlyconsideredtheirbillsandactionsasthings,towhichthegeneraldemandgaveaprice?

101WhethertheGovernmentwasnotingreatperplexitytocontriveexpedientsforthegettingridofthosebankbills,whichhadbeenlatelymultipliedwithsuchanunlimitedpassion?

102Whethernotestothevalueofaboutninetymillionswerenotsunkbybeingpaidoffinspecie,withthecashoftheCompagniedesIndes,withthatofthebank,andthatoftheHotelsdesMonnoyes?Whetherfivehundredandthirtymillionswerenotconvertedintoannuitiesattheroyaltreasury?WhetherseveralhundredmillionsmoreinbankbillswerenotextinguishedandreplacedbyannuitiesontheCityofParis,ontaxesthroughouttheprovinces,&c。,&c?

103Whether,afterallothershifts,thelastandgrandresourceforexhaustingthatocean,wasnottheerectingofacompteenbancinseveraltownsofFrance?

104Whether,whentheimaginationofapeopleisthoroughlywroughtuponandheatedbytheirownexample,andtheartsofdesigningmen,thisdothnotproduceasortofenthusiasmwhichtakesplaceofreason,andisthemostdangerousdistemperinaState?

105Whetherthisepidemicalmadnessshouldnotbealwaysbeforetheeyesofalegislature,intheframingofanationalbank?

106Whether,therefore,itmaynotbefataltoengrafttradeonanationalbank,ortoproposedividendsonthestockthereof?

108Whetheritmaynotbeasusefulalessontoconsiderthebadmanagementofsomeasthegoodmanagementofothers?

109WhethertherapidandsurprisingsuccessoftheschemesofthosewhodirectedtheFrenchbankdidnotturntheirbrains?

110Whetherthebestinstitutionsmaynotbemadesubservienttobadends?

111Whether,astheaimofindustryispower,andtheaimofabankistocirculateandsecurethispowertoeachindividual,itdothnotfollowthatabsolutepowerinonehandisinconsistentwithalastingandaflourishingbank?

115WhetherthemistakingofthemeansfortheendwasnotafundamentalerrorintheFrenchcouncils?

123Whetherthereshouldnotbeaconstantcaretokeepthebillsatpar?

124Whether,therefore,bankbillsshouldatanytimebemultipliedbutastradeandbusinesswerealsomultiplied?

125WhetheritwasnotmadnessinFrancetomintbillsandactions,merelytohumourthepeopleandrobthemoftheircash?

126Whetherwemaynotprofitbytheirmistakes,andassomethingsaretobeavoided,whethertheremaynotbeothersworthyofimitationintheconductofourneighbours?

127Whetherthewaybenotclearandopenandeasy,andwhetheranythingbutthewilliswantingtoourlegislature?

128Whetherjobsandtricksarenotdetestedonallhands,butwhetheritbenotthejointinterestofprinceandpeopletopromoteindustry?

129Whether,allthingsconsidered,anationalbankbenotthemostpracticable,sure,andspeedymethodtomendouraffairs,andcauseindustrytoflourishamongus?

130Whetheracompteenbancorcurrentbankbillswouldbestanswerouroccasions?

131Whetherapubliccompteenbanc,whereeffectsarereceived,andaccountskeptwithparticularpersons,benotanexcellentexpedientforagreatcity?

132Whateffectageneralcompteenbancwouldhaveinthemetropolisofthiskingdomwithoneineachprovincesubordinatethereunto?

133Whetheritmaynotbeproperforagreatkingdomtounitebothexpedients,towit,banknotesandacompteenbanc?

134Whether,nevertheless,itwouldbeadvisabletobeginwithbothatonce,orrathertoproceedfirstwiththebills,andafterwards,asbusinessmultiplied,andmoneyoreffectsflowedin,toopenthecompteenbanc?

135Whether,forgreatersecurity,doublebooksofcompteenbancshouldnotbekeptindifferentplacesandhands?

136Whetheritwouldnotberighttobuildthecomptersandpublictreasuries,wherebooksandbanknotesarekept,withoutwood,allarchedandflooredwithbrickorstone,havingchestsalsoandcabinetsofiron?

137Whetherdiversregistersofthebanknotesshouldnotbekeptindifferenthands?

138Whetherthereshouldnotbegreatdiscretionintheutteringofbanknotes,andwhethertheattemptingtodothingspersaltumbenotoftenthewaytoundothem?

139Whetherthemainartbenotbyslowdegreesandcautiousmeasurestoreconcilethebanktothepublic,towinditinsensiblyintotheaffectionsofmen,andinterweaveitwiththeconstitution?

141Whetheranationalbankmaynotpreventthedrawingofspecieoutofthecountry(whereitcirculatesinsmallpayments),tobeshutupinthechestsofparticularpersons?

143WhethertenantsordebtorscouldhavecausetocomplainofourmoniesbeingreducedtotheEnglishvalueifitwerewithalmultipliedinthesame,orinagreaterproportion?andwhetherthiswouldnotbetheconsequenceofanationalbank?

144Iftherebeanopensurewaytothrive,withouthazardtoourselvesorprejudicetoourneighbours,whatshouldhinderusfromputtingitinpractice?

145WhetherinsonumerousaSenate,asthatofthiskingdom,itmaynotbeeasietofindmenofpurehandsandclearheadsfittocontriveandmodelapublicbank?

146Whetheraviewoftheprecipicebenotsufficient,orwhetherwemusttumbleheadlongbeforeweareroused?

147Whetherinthisdroopinganddispiritedcountry,menarequiteawake?

156Whether,ifwedonotreapthebenefitsthatmaybemadeofourcountryandgovernment,wantofwillinthelowerpeople,orwantofwitintheupper,bemostinfault?

165Whetheranassemblyoffreethinkers,petitmaitres,andsmartfellows,wouldnotmakeanadmirableSenate?

175Whethertherebereallyamongusanyparentssosilly,astoencouragedrinkingintheirchildren?

176Whenceitis,thatourladiesaremorealive,andbearagesomuchbetterthanourgentlemen?

185Whetherthisbealtogethertheirownfault?

197Whetheritmaynotberighttoappointcensorsineveryparishtoobserveandmakereturnsoftheidlehands?

198Whetheraregisterorhistoryoftheidlenessandindustryofapeoplewouldbeanuselessthing?

199Whetherweareapprized,ofalltheusesthatmaybemadeofpoliticalarithmetic?

207WhytheworkhouseinDublin,withsogoodanendowment,shouldyetbeofsolittleuse?andwhetherthismaynotbeowingtothatveryendowment?

208Whetherthatincomemightnot,bythistime,havegonethroughthewholekingdom,anderectedadozenworkhousesineverycounty?

210Whetherthetaxonchairsorhackneycoachesbenotpaid,ratherbythecountrygentlemen,thanthecitizensofDublin?

227Whetherthereshouldnotbeadifferencebetweenthetreatmentofcriminalsandthatofotherslaves?

251Whetherwhenamotionwasmadeonceuponatimetoestablishaprivatebankinthiskingdombypublicauthority,diversgentlemendidnotshewthemselvesforwardtoembarkinthatdesign?

252Whetheritmaynotnowbehopedthatourpatriotswillbeasforwardtoexamineandconsidertheproposalofapublicbankcalculatedonlyforthepublicgood?

253Whetheranypeopleuponearthshewamoreearlyzealfortheserviceoftheircountry,greatereagernesstobearapartinthelegislature,oramoregeneralparturiencywithrespecttopoliticsandpubliccounsels?

254Whether,nevertheless,alightandludicrousveinbenotthereigninghumour;butwhethertherewasevergreatercausetobeserious?

PartIII

13WhetherthewholecityofAmsterdamwouldnothavebeentroubledtohavebroughttogethertwentythousandpoundsinoneroom?

14Whetheritbenotabsolutelynecessarythattheremustbeabankandmustbeatrust?And,ifso,whetheritbenotthemostsafeandprudentcoursetohaveanationalbankandtrustthelegislature?

15Whetherobjectionsagainsttrustingeneralavail,whenitisallowedtheremustbeatrust,andtheonlyquestioniswheretoplacethistrust,whetherinthelegislatureorinprivatehands?

16Whetheritcanbeexpectedthatprivatepersonsshouldhavemoreregardtothepublicthanthepublicitself?

17Whether,iftherebehazardsfrommismanagement,thosemaynotbeprovidedagainstintheframingofapubicbank;butwhetheranyprovisioncanbemadeagainstthemismanagementofprivatebanksthatareundernocheck,control,orinspection?

18Whatevermaybesaidforthesakeofobjecting,yet,whetheritbenotfalseinfact,thatmenwouldpreferaprivatesecuritytoapublicsecurity?

19Whetheranationalbankoughttobeconsideredasanewexperiment;andwhetheritbenotamotivetotrythisschemethatithathbeenalreadytriedwithsuccessinothercountries?

20Ifpowerfollowethmoney,whetherthiscanbeanywheremoreproperlyandsecurelyplaced,thaninthesamehandswhereinthesupremepowerisalreadyplaced?

21Whethertherebemoredangerofabuseinaprivatethaninapublicmanagement?

22WhethertheproperusualremedyforabusesofprivatebanksbenottobringthembeforeParliament,andsubjectthemtotheinspectionofacommittee;andwhetheritbenotmoreprudenttopreventthantoredressanevil?

24Whetherexperienceandexamplebenottheplainestproof;andwhetheranyinstancecanbeassignedwhereanationalbankhathnotbeenattendedwithgreatadvantagetothepublic?

25Whethertheevilsapprehendedfromanationalbankarenotmuchmoretobeapprehendedfromprivatebanks;butwhethermenbycustomarenotfamiliarizedandreconciledtocommondangers,whicharethereforethoughtlessthantheyreallyare?

26Whetheritwouldnotbeveryhardtosupposeallsense,honesty,andpublicspiritwereinthekeepingofonlyafewprivatemen,andthepublicwasnotfittobetrusted?

27Whetheritbenotridiculoustosupposealegislatureshouldbeafraidtotrustitself?

28But,whetheraprivateinterestbenotgenerallysupportedandpursuedwithmorezealthanapublic?

30Whether,nevertheless,thecommunityofdanger,whichlullsprivatemenasleep,oughtnottoawakenthepublic?

31Whethertherebenotlesssecuritywheretherearemoretemptationsandfewerchecks?

32Ifamanistoriskhisfortune,whetheritbemoreprudenttoriskitonthecreditofprivatemen,orinthatofthegreatassemblyofthenation?

33Whereisitmostreasonabletoexpectwiseandpunctualdealing,whetherinasecretimpenetrablerecess,wherecreditdependsonsecrecy,orinapublicmanagementregulatedandinspectedbyParliament?

34Whetherasupinesecuritybenotcatching,andwhethernumbersrunningthesamerisk,astheylessenthecaution,maynotincreasethedanger?

35Whatrealobjectionliesagainstanationalbankerectedbythelegislature,andinthemanagementofpublicdeputies,appointedandinspectedbythelegislature?

36Whathavewetofearfromsuchabank,whichmaynotbeaswellfearedwithoutit?

37How,why,bywhatmeans,orforwhatend,shoulditbecomeaninstrumentofoppression?

38Whetherwecanpossiblybeonamoreprecariousfootthanwearealready?Whetheritbenotinthepowerofanyparticularpersonatoncetodisappearandconveyhimselfintoforeignparts?orwhethertherecanbeanysecurityinanestateoflandwhenthedemandsuponitareunknown?

39Whethertheestablishingofanationalbank,ifwesupposeaconcurrenceofthegovernment,benotverypracticable?

40But,whetherthoughaschemebeneversoevidentlypracticableandusefultothepubic,yet,ifconceivedtointerferewithaprivateinterest,itbenotforthwithindangerofappearingdoubtful,difficult,andimpracticable?

41Whetherthelegislativebodyhathnotalreadysufficientpowertohurt,iftheymaybesupposedcapableofit,andwhetherabankwouldgivethemanynewpower?

42Whatshouldtemptthepubictodefrauditself?

43Whether,ifthelegislaturedestroyedthepublic,itwouldnotbefelodese;andwhetheritbereasonabletosupposeitbentonitsowndestruction?

44Whethertheobjectiontoapubicnationalbank,fromwantofsecrecy,benotintruthanargumentforit?

45Whetherthesecrecyofprivatebanksbenottheverythingthatrendersthemsohazardous?andwhether,withoutthat,therecouldhavebeenoflatesomanysufferers?

46Whetherwhenallobjectionsareanswereditbestillincumbenttoanswersurmises?

47Whetheritwerejusttoinsinuatethatgentlemenwouldbeagainstanyproposaltheycouldnotturnintoajob?

48Supposethelegislaturepassedtheirwordforanyprivatebanker,andregularlyvisitedhisbooks,wouldnotmoneylodgedinhisbankbethereforereckonedmoresecure?

49Inacountrywherethelegislativebodyisnotfittobetrusted,whatsecuritycantherebefortrustinganyoneelse?

50Ifitbenotridiculoustoquestionwhetherthepubiccanfindcashtocirculatebillsofalimitedvaluewhenprivatebankersaresupposedtofindenoughtocirculatethemtoanunlimitedvalue?

53Whetherthosehazardsthatinagreaterdegreeattendprivatebankscanbeadmittedasobjectionsagainstapublicone?

54Whetherthatwhichisanobjectiontoeverythingbeanobjectiontoanything;andwhetherthepossibilityofanabusebenotofthatkind?

55Whether,infact,allthingsarenotmoreorlessabused,andyetnotwithstandingsuchabuse,whethermanythingsarenotuponthewholeexpedientanduseful?

56Whetherthosethingsthataresubjecttothemostgeneralinspectionarenottheleastsubjecttoabuse?

57Whether,forprivateends,itmaynotbesometimesexpedienttoobjectnoveltytothingsthathavebeenoftentried,difficultytotheplainestthings,andhazardtothesafest?

58Whethersomemenwillnotbeapttoargueasifthequestionwasbetweenmoneyandcredit,andnot(asinfactitis)whichoughttobepreferred,privatecreditorpubliccredit?

59Whethertheywillnotprudentlyoverlooktheevilsfelt,ortobefeared,ononeside?

60Whether,therefore,thosethatwouldmakeanimpartialjudgmentoughtnottobeontheirguard,keepingbothprospectsalwaysinview,balancingtheinconvenienciesoneachsideandconsideringneitherabsolutely?

61Whetherwilfulmistakes,exampleswithoutalikeness,andgeneraladdressestothepassionsarenotoftenmoresuccessfulthanarguments?

62Whethertherebenotanarttopuzzleplaincasesaswellastoexplainobscureones?

63Whetherprivatemenarenotoftenanover—matchforthepublic;wantofweightbeingmadeupforbyactivity?

64Ifwesupposeneithersensenorhonestyinourleadersorrepresentatives,whetherwearenotalreadyundone,andsohavenothingfurthertofear?

65Supposeapowerinthegovernmenttohurtthepubicbymeansofanationalbank,yetwhatshouldgivethemthewilltodothis?Orsupposingawilltodomischief,yethowcouldanationalbank,modelledandadministeredbyParliament,putitintheirpower?

66Whetherevenawickedwillentrustedwithpowercanbesupposedtoabuseitfornoend?

67Whetheritbenotmuchmoreprobablethatthosewhomakethsuchobjectionsdonotbelievethem?

68Whetheritbenotvaintoobjectthatourfellow—subjectsofGreatBritainwouldmalignorobstructourindustrywhenitisexertedinawaywhichcannotinterferewiththeirown?

69Whetheritistobesupposedtheyshouldtakedelightinthedirtandnakednessandfamineofourpeople,orenvythemshoesfortheirfeetandbeeffortheirbelies?

70Whatpossiblehandleorinclinationcouldourhavinganationalbankgiveotherpeopletodistressus?

71WhetheritbenotridiculoustoconceivethataprojectforcloathingandfeedingournativesshouldgiveanyumbragetoEngland?

72Whethersuchunworthysurmisesarenotthepureeffectofspleen?

78WhethertheProtestantcolonyinthiskingdomcaneverforgetwhattheyowetoEngland?

79Whetherthereeverwasinanypartoftheworldacountryinsuchwretchedcircumstances,andwhich,atthesametime,couldbesoeasilyremedied,andneverthelesstheremedynotapplied?

80Whatmustbecomeofapeoplethatcanneitherseetheplainestthingsnordotheeasiest?

81Bethemoneylodgedinthebankwhatitwill,yetwhetheranActtomakegooddeficiencieswouldnotremoveallscruples?

82Ifitbeobjectedthatanationalbankmustlowerinterest,andthereforehurtthemoniedman,whetherthesameobjectionwouldnotholdasstrongagainstmultiplyingourgoldandsilver?

83Butwhetherabankthatuttersbills,withthesoleviewofpromotingthepublicweal,maynotsoproportiontheirquantityastoavoidseveralinconveniencieswhichmightattendprivatebanks?

85Whetheranythingbemorereasonablethanthatthepubic,whichmakesthewholeprofitofthebank,shouldengagetomakegooditscredit?

88Whether,inordertomakemenseeandfeel,itbenotoftennecessarytoinculcatethesamething,andplaceitindifferentlights?

90Whetherthemanagersandofficersofanationalbankoughttobeconsideredotherwisethanasthecashiersandclerksofprivatebanks?Whethertheyarenotineffectaslittletrusted,haveaslittlepower,areasmuchlimitedbyrules,andasliabletoinspection?

91Whetherthemistakingthispointmaynotcreatesomeprejudiceagainstanationalbank,asifitdependedonthecredit,orwisdom,orhonesty,ofprivatemen,ratherthanonthepubic,whichisreallythesoleproprietoranddirectorthereof,andassuchobligedtosupportit?

93Whetheranationalbankwouldnotbethegreatmeansandmotiveforemployingourpoorinmanufactures?

94Whethermoney,thoughlentoutonlytotherich,wouldnotsooncirculateamongthepoor?Andwhetheranymanborrowsbutwithanintenttocirculate?

95Whetherbothgovernmentandpeoplewouldnotintheeventbegainersbyanationalbank?Andwhetheranythingbutwrongconceptionsofitsnaturecanmakethosethatwishwelltoeitheraversefromit?

96Whetheritmaynotberighttothink,andtohaveitthought,thatEnglandandIreland,princeandpeople,haveoneandthesameinterest?

97Whether,ifwehadmoremeanstosetonfootsuchmanufacturesandsuchcommerceasconsistswiththeinterestofEngland,therewouldnotofcoursebelesssheep—walk,andlesswoolexportedtoforeigncountries?Andwhetheranationalbankwouldnotsupplysuchmeans?

102Whetherbusinessingeneraldothnotlanguishamongus?

Whetherourlandisnotuntilled?Whetheritsinhabitantsarenotuponthewing?

104Whetherourcircumstancesdonotcallaloudforsomepresentremedy?Andwhetherthatremedybenotinourpower?

106Whether,ofallthehelpstoindustrythateverwereinvented,therebeanymoresecure,moreeasy,andmoreeffectualthananationalbank?

107Whethermedicinesdonotrecommendthemselvesbyexperience,eventhoughtheirreasonsbeobscure?Butwhetherreasonandfactarenotequallyclearinfavourofthispoliticalmedicine?

117Whetherthereforeataxonallgoldandsilverinapparel,onallforeignlacesandsilks,maynotraiseafundforthebank,andatthesametimehaveothersalutaryeffectsonthepublic?

118But,ifgentlemenhadrathertaxthemselvesinanotherway,whetheranadditionaltaxoftenshillingsthehogsheadonwinesmaynotsupplyasufficientfundforthenationalbank,alldefectstobemadegoodbyParliament?

119Whetheruponthewholeitmaynotberighttoappointanationalbank?

120Whetherthestockandsecurityofsuchbankwouldnotbe,intruth,thenationalstock,orthetotalsumofthewealthofthiskingdom?

121Whether,nevertheless,thereshouldnotbeaparticularfundforpresentuseinansweringbillsandcirculatingcredit?

122Whetherforthisendanyfundmaynotsuffice,providedanActbepassedformakinggooddeficiencies?

123Whetherthesoleproprietorofsuchbankshouldnotbethepublic,andthesoledirectorthelegislature?

124Whetherthemanagers,officers,andcashiersshouldnotbeservantsofthepubic,actingbyordersandlimitedbyrulesofthelegislature?

125Whetherthereshouldnotbeastandingnumberofinspectors,one—thirdmeningreatoffice,therestmembersofbothhouses,halfwhereoftogoout,andhalftocomeineverysession?

126Whetherthoseinspectorsshouldnot,allinabody,visittwiceayear,andthreeasoftenastheypleased?

127WhetherthegeneralbankshouldnotbeinDubin,andsubordinatebanksorcomptersoneineachprovinceofMunster,Ulster,andConnaught?

128Whetherthereshouldnotbesuchprovisionsofstamps,signatures,checks,strongboxes,andallothermeasuresforsecuringthebanknotesandcash,asareusualinotherbanks?

129Whetherthesetenoradozenlastqueriesmaynoteasilybeconvertedintoheadsofabill?

130WhetheranyoneconcernshimselfaboutthesecurityorfundsofthebanksofVeniceorAmsterdam?Andwhetherinalittletimethecasewouldnotbethesameastoourbank?

133Whetheritbenotthemostobviousremedyforalltheinconveniencieswelabourunderwithregardtoourcoin?

134Whetheritbenotagreedonallhandsthatourcoinisonverybadfoot,andcallsforsomepresentremedy?

135Whetherthewantofsilverhathnotintroducedasortoftrafficforchange,whichispurchasedatnoinconsiderablediscounttothegreatobstructionofourdomesticcommerce?

136Whether,thoughitbeevidentsilveriswanted,itbeyetsoevidentwhichisthebestwayofprovidingforthiswant?Whetherbyloweringthegold,orraisingthesilver,orpartlyone,partlytheother?

137Whetherapartialraisingofonespeciesbenot,intruth,wantingapremiumtoourbankersforimportingsuchspecies?Andwhatthatspeciesiswhichdeservesmosttobeencouraged?

138Whetheritbenotjustthatallgoldshouldbealikeratedaccordingtoitsweightandfineness?

139Whetherthismaybebestdonebyloweringsomecertainspeciesofgold,orbyraisingothers,orbyjoiningbothmethodstogether?

141WhethertheNorthandtheSouthhavenot,intruth,oneandthesameinterestinthismatter?

143But,whetherapubicbenefitoughttobeobtainedbyunjustmethods,andtherefore,whetheranyreductionofcoinshouldbethoughtofwhichmayhurtthepropertiesofprivatemen?

144Whetherthosepartsofthekingdomwherecommercedothmostaboundwouldnotbethegreatestgainersbyhavingourcoinplacedonarightfoot?

145Whether,incaseareductionofcoinbethoughtexpedient,theutteringofbankbillsatthesametimemaynotpreventtheinconvenienciesofsuchareduction?

146But,whetheranypubicexpediencycouldcountervailarealpressureonthosewhoareleastabletobearit,tenantsanddebtors?

147Whether,nevertheless,thepoliticalbody,aswellasthenatural,mustnotsometimesbeworseinordertobebetter?

150WhatifourothergoldwereraisedtoaparwithPortugalgold,andthevalueofsilveringeneralraisedwithregardtothatofgold?

151Whetherthepubicendsmayormaynotbebetteransweredbysuchaugmentation,thanbyareductionofourcoin?

152Providedsilverismultiplied,beitbyraisingordiminishingthevalueofourcoin,whetherthegreatendisnotanswered?

154Whether,ifareductionbethoughtnecessary,theobviousmeanstopreventallhardshipsandinjusticebenotanationalbank?

155Uponsuppositionthatthecashofthiskingdomwasfivehundredthousandpounds,andbyloweringthevariousspecieseachone—fifthofitsvaluethewholesumwasreducedtofourhundredthousandpounds,whetherthedifficultyofgettingmoney,andconsequentlyofpayingrents,wouldnotbeincreasedintheproportionoffivetofour?

156Whethersuchdifficultywouldnotbeagreatandunmeriteddistressonallthetenantsinthenation?Butifatthesametimewiththeaforesaidreductiontherewereutteredonehundredthousandpoundsadditionaltotheformercurrentstock,whethersuchdifficultyorinconveniencewouldthenbefelt?

158Whetherinanyforeignmarket,twopenceadvanceinakilderkinofcorncouldgreatlyaffectourtrade?

159Whetherinregardofthefargreaterchangesandfluctuationsofpricesfromthedifferenceofseasonsandotheraccidents,thatsmallriseshouldseemconsiderable?

162Whether,settingasidetheassistanceofanationalbank,itwillbeeasytoreduceorlowerourcoinwithoutsomehardship(atleastforthepresent)onagreatnumberofparticularpersons?

163Whether,nevertheless,theschemeofanationalbankdothnotentirelystandclearofthisquestion;andwhethersuchbankmaynotcompletelysubsistandansweritsends,althoughthereshouldbenoalterationatallmadeinthevalueofourcoin?

164Whether,iftheillstateofourcoinbenotredressed,thatschemewouldnotbestillmorenecessary,inasmuchasanationalbank,byputtingnewlifeandvigourintoourcommerce,maypreventourfeelingtheilleffectsofthewantofsuchredress?

165Whethermenunitedbyinterestarenotoftendividedbyopinion;andwhethersuchdifferenceinopinionbenotaneffectofmisapprehension?

166Whethertwothingsarenotmanifest,first,thatsomealterationinthevalueofourcoinishighlyexpedient,secondly,thatwhateveralterationismade,thetenderestcareshouldbehadofthepropertiesofthepeople,andevenaregardpaidtotheirprejudices?

167Whetherourtakingthecoinofanothernationformorethanitisworthbenot,inrealityandinevent,acheatuponourselves?

168Whetheraparticularcoinover—ratedwillnotbesuretoflowinuponusfromothercountriesbesidethatwhereitiscoined?

169Whether,incasethewisdomofthenationshallthinkfittoalterourcoin,withouterectinganationalbank,theruleforlesseningoravoidingpresentinconvenienceshouldnotbesotoordermatters,byraisingthesilveranddepressingthegold,asthatthetotalsumofcoinedcashwithinthekingdomshall,indenomination,remainthesame,oramounttothesamenominalvalue,afterthechangethatitdidbefore?

170Whetherallinconvenienceoughtnottobelessenedasmuchasmaybe;butafter,whetheritwouldbeprudent,forthesakeofasmallinconvenience,toobstructamuchgreatergood?Andwhetheritmaynotsometimeshappenthataninconveniencewhichinfancyandgeneraldiscourseseemsgreatshall,whenaccuratelyinspectedandcastup,appearinconsiderable?

171Whetherinpubliccouncilsthesumofthings,hereandthere,presentandfuture,oughtnottoberegarded?

176Moneybeingaticketwhichentitlestopowerandrecordsthetitle,whethersuchpoweravailsotherWisethanasitisexertedintoact?

180Whetherbesidethatvalueofmoneywhichisratedbyweight,therebenotalsoanothervalueconsistinginitsaptnesstocirculate?

204WhethertherebeanywoollenmanufactureinBirmingham?

205Whetherbadmanagementmaynotbeworsethanslavery?AndwhetheranypartofChristendombeinamorelanguishingconditionthanthiskingdom?

212Whetheritbenottrue,thatwithinthecompassofoneyearthereflowedfromtheSouthSea,whenthatcommercewasopen,intothesingletownofSt。Malo’s,asumingoldandsilverequaltofourtimesthewholespecieofthiskingdom?AndwhetherthatsamepartofFrancedothnotatpresentdrawfromCadiz,upwardsoftwohundredthousandpoundsperannum?

214WhetheritbetruethattheDutchmaketenmillionsoflivres,everyreturnoftheflotaandgalleons,bytheirsalesattheIndiesandatCadiz?

215WhetheritbetruethatEnglandmakesatleastonehundredthousandpoundsperannumbythesinglearticleofhatssoldinSpain?

217WhetherthetoysofThiersdonotemployfivethousandfamilies?

218WhethertherebenotasmalltownOrtwoinFrancewhichsupplyallSpainwithcards?

222Whether,abouttwenty—fiveyearsago,theydidnotfirstattempttomakeporcelaininFrance;andwhether,inafewyears,theydidnotmakeitsowell,astorivalthatwhichcomesfromChina?

226Whetherpartoftheprofitsofthebankshouldnotbeemployedinerectingmanufacturesofseveralkinds,whicharenotlikelytobesetonfootandcarriedontoperfectionwithoutgreatstock,publicencouragement,generalregulations,andtheconcurrenceofmanyhands?

230WhetheritwerenottobewishedthatourpeopleshewedtheirdescentfromSpain,ratherbytheirhonourandhonestythantheirpride,andifso,whethertheymightnoteasilyinsinuatethemselvesintoalargershareoftheSpanishtrade?

235Whetherwemaynot,withcommonindustryandcommonhonesty,undersellanynationinEurope?

242WhethertheyarenottheSwissthatmakehayandgatherintheharvestthroughoutAlsatia?

269Whethercommissionersoftradeorotherproperpersonsshouldnotbeappointedtodrawupplansofourcommercebothforeignanddomestic,andlaythematthebeginningofeverysessionbeforetheParliament?

270Whetherregistersofindustryshouldnotbekept,andthepubicfromtimetotimeacquaintedwhatnewmanufacturesareintroduced,whatincreaseordecreaseofoldones?

286WhetherthereforeMississippi,SouthSea,andsuchlikeschemeswerenotcalculatedforpubicruin?

289Whetherallsuchprincesandstatesmenarenotgreatlydeceivedwhoimaginethatgoldandsilver,anywaygot,willenrichacountry?

292Whethertheeffectisnottobeconsideredmorethanthekindorquantityofmoney?

299Whetherthosewhohavetheinterestsofthiskingdomatheart,andareconcernedinthecouncilsthereof,oughtnottomakethemosthumbleandearnestrepresentationstohisMajesty,thathemayvouchsafetograntusthatfavour,thewantofwhichisruinoustoourdomesticindustry,andthehavingofwhichwouldinterferewithnointerestofourfellow—subjects?

301WhetherhismostgraciousMajestyhatheverbeenaddressedonthisheadinapropermanner,andhadthecasefairlystatedforhisroyalconsideration,andifnot,whetherwemaynotblameourselves?

302IfhisMajestywouldbepleasedtograntusamint,whethertheconsequencesthereofmaynotproveavaluableconsiderationtothecrown?

311Whethereverykindofemploymentorbusiness,asitimpliesmoreskillandexerciseofthehigherpowers,benotmorevalued?

316Whetherprivateendeavourswithoutassistancefromthepublicarelikelytoadvanceourmanufacturesandcommercetoanygreatdegree?Butwhether,asbillsutteredfromanationalbankuponprivatemortgageswouldfacilitatethepurchasesandprojectsofprivatemen,evensothesamebillsutteredonthepublicsecurityalonemaynotanswerpubicendsinpromotingnewworksandmanufacturesthroughoutthekingdom?

323Whetherasmanyaswishwelltotheircountryoughtnottoaimatincreasingitsmomentum?